hormones

Question 1

where adrenaline produced

Answer 1

adrenal glands above kidneys

Question 2

stimulus of adrenaline

Answer 2

fear, danger

Question 3

effects of adrenaline

Answer 3

increased heart rate and breathing rate

• increased BR, increased O2 intake by lungs, increased O2 conc in blood
• more O2 is supplied to muscle cells for higher rate of muscle contractions

-increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, allowing blood to pump faster arnd the body

• increased blood glucose conc
• increased rate of cellular respiration by muscle cells
• more energy can be released for increased rate of muscle contractions

Question 4

where are hormones for blood glucose regulation produced, what are they called? (+set value for blood glucose conc)

Answer 4

Islets of langerhans (pancreas)
Insulin: beta cells
glucagon: alpha cells

(4mM/L)

Question 5

Increase in blood glucose leads to

Answer 5

• increase in blood glucose above norm is detected by receptors in ILP
• beta cells of ILP stimulated to secrete insulin in the capillary network
• insulin stimulates uptake of glucose in liver and muscle cells
• conversion of glucose to glycogen/(glucose to fatty acids, fats)
• decrease in blood glucose conc back to normal is detected by ILP which responds by reducing insulin secretion
• insulin destroyed in liver, excreted thru kidneys

Question 6

decrease in blood glucose leads to

Answer 6

• decrease in blood glucose above norm is detected by receptors in ILP
• alpha cells of ILP stimulated to secrete glucagon in capillary network
• glucagon reduce the rate of respiration of muscle and liver cells
• activates enzymes that convert glycogen to glucose (amino acids to glucose)
• increase in blood glucose conc back to normal is detected by ILP which responds by reducing glucagon secretion
• glucagon destroyed in liver, excreted thru kidneys

Question 7

what is the hormone for osmoregulation and where is it found

Answer 7

antidiuretic hormone (ADH), produces in pituitary gland below hypothalamus

Question 8

too much water in blood leads to

Answer 8

• osmoreceptor not stimulated
• pituitary gland secrete less ADH
• collecting duct walls become less permeable
• medulla absorbs less water from collecting duct
• large volume of dilute urine formed

Question 9

too little water in blood leads to

Answer 9

osmoreceptor stimulated

• pituitary glands secrete more ADH
• collecting duct walls become more permeable
• medulla absorbs more water from collecting duct
• small volume of concentrated urine formed