cells Flashcards
nucleus function
cell management, cell behaviour when cell divides
looks like a big black spotty ball
might not be black
nucleolus function
site where ribosomes are synthesised
looks like egg yolk in nucleus
vacuoles function+plant
temporary store of food and water
- involves in turgidity (plasmolysed,flaccid, cell surface membrane pull away from cell wall)
- volume decreasing
-endocytosis: phago-solid, pino-fluid
-exocytosis
(use metabolic ATP)
cell surface membrane function+why selectively perm
selectively perm barrier across which all substances entering and leaving the cell pass
(phospholipid bilayer: small non-polar molecules
membrane protein: large polar molecules)
describe active transport (of substance)
against conc grad, uses metabolic energy in the form of ATP
describe diffusion (of substance)
facilitated or not, uses KE only with conc grad
describe osmosis (of water)
water potential grad
from where to where across selectively perm what
red blood cell structure function
- haemoglobin, binds to oxygen
- biconcave, higher SA to vol ratio for diffusion of O2 into the cell
- lack of nucleus to store more haemo
root hair cell structure function
long narrow root hair extension for higher SA to vol ratio for diffusion of mineral salt and osmosis of water into the root hair cell
xylem cell structure function
long hollow continuous tube
-transport water from roots to leaves with no obstruction
lack of organelle
-no resistance to water flow
walls thickened with lignin
-strength to prevent collapse of vessel during water transport
pili/pilus (PROKARYOTIC)
attach to other cell/surface
flagellum/lla (PROKARYOTIC)
momvement
peptidoglycan cell wall
(PROKARYOTIC)
ribosome
(PROKARYOTIC & eukaryotic)
site of protein syntehsis
look at dots on rER
rough endoplasmic reticulum
site of where proteins synthesised by ribosomes are packaged into vesicles
spotty long mushroom joined to nucleus
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
lipids and steroid synthesis
smooth long mushroom joined to nucleus
golgi apparatus
hormones and enzyme synthesis, protein activation (addition of sugars, removal of amino acids)
pancake stack
mitochondrion
site of aerobic respiration, synthesis of metabolic ATP
undergoes aerobic respiration to release energy in the form of ATP.
small sausage/circle
chloroplast
site of photosynthesis in which light energy is used as the energy source for carbohydrate and ATP synthesis
HUMONGOUS sausage with pointy ends
glycoprotein
channel for transport of metabolites and water
beads on top of large bump
glycolipid
cell-cell recognition
beads tree
