Hormone regulation and reproductive cycle Flashcards
hormone regulation of reproductive cycle
- the menstrual phase
- pre-ovulatory phase
- ovulation
- post ovulatory phase
age related changes
- 28 day cycle (menarche)
- ovulation and mensuration cease completely at age 46-64. after menopause hormones stop production
- without sufficient oestrogen the reproduction organ atrophy causing:
weight gain, loss of bone mass rising total blood cholesterol, decreased HDL levels, hot flushes, sweating, irritability, depression
hormone regulation of reproductive cycle FSH
FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE
- initiates growth of follicles including:
1. nurture of the developing oocyte
2. secrete oestrogen from the follicle cells lining
hormone regulation of reproductive cycle LH
LUTEINIZING HORMONE
- stimulates ovulation
- promotes formation of the corpus luteum
the corpus luteum then secretes progesterone and some oestrogen
combined oral contraceptive pill
progesterone and oestrogen combination pill
- negative feedback on the anterior pituitary and hypothalamus to prevent the secretion of FSH and LH
- prevents development of the ovarian follicle and ovulation
- combats irregular, painful, or heavy periods
- thromboembolism is the main complication
the risk is increased with age, cigarette use, and obesity
oestrogen
dominant hormone of pre-ovulatory stage secreted by ovarian follicles
effects of the ovarian hormones OESTROGEN
- increases vasculature and thickening of the myometrium and endometrium (increased blood and vessel supply)
- maintain female secondary sexual characteristics
- increases protein anabolism, including building strong bones
- lowers total cholesterol level
- protects from cardiovascular disease
effects of the ovarian hormones PROGESTERONE
stimulates:
- to create a healthy environment for a fetus to develop.
- vascularisation of the myometrium and the endometrium
PROGESTERONE
the dominant hormone of the post-ovulatory phase
secreted by cells of the corpus luteum
