Hormone Production Flashcards
What enzymes are in the theca cells?
Cholesterol desmolase and 3Beta hydroxysteroid dehydronase
What enzymes are in the granulosa cells?
Aromatase and 17Beta hydroxysteroid dehydronase
What kind of hormones are estrogen and progesterone and what does that mean?
Steroid hormones - they are produced from cholesterol
Explain how progesterone is made from cholesterol
Cholesterol + cholesterol desmolase = pregnenolone. Pregnenolone + 3B hydroxysteroid dehydronase = progesterone
Explain how androstenedione is made from pregnenolone
Pregnenolone –> 17 hydropregnenolone –> dehydropiandrosterone + 3B hydroxysteroid dehydronase = androstenedione
What does pregnenolone become, without the intervention of 3B hydroxysteroid dehydronase?
12 hydropregnenolone
What does 17 hydropregnenolone become?
Dehydropiandrosterone
What happens to dehydropiandrosterone?
It interacts with 3B hydroxysteroid dehydronase to form androstenedione
How does androstenedione become testosterone?
Androstenedione + 17B hydroxysteroid dehydronase = testosterone
How does testosterone become estradiol?
Testosterone + aromatase = 17B estradiol
How is progesterone created in the luteal phase?
P450scc rises as LH drops –> Cholesterol + P450scc = pregnenolone. Pregnonelone + 3B hydroxysteroid dehydronase = progesterone
What are the local effects of progesterone?
Maturation of the fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix and vagina
What are the local effects of estrogen?
Maturation of the fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix and vagina and development of secondary sex characteristics such as breasts, widening hips and fat redistribution
What are the systemic effects of progesterone?
Bone strength and skin elasticity
What are the systemic effects of estrogen?
Cardiovascular protection through flexibility of the blood vessel walls and lower LDL levels as well as bone density
