Hormone & Endocrine Drugs

Question 1

T/F: T3, T4, and TSH are all produced by the pituitary gland.

Answer 1

F

T3 & T4 produced by thyroid gland
TSH produced by pituitary gland

Question 2

T/F: Neutral protamine hagedron (NPH), protamine zinc (PZI), and glargine insulin are all short-acting and used to create a rapid drop in blood sugar.

Answer 2

F

NPH is intermediate.
PZI and glargine are long acting.

Question 3

List the 2 intermediate acting insulins

Answer 3

Neutral Protamine Hgedorn (NPH)

Procine INsulin ZInc Suspension

Question 4

List the 3 long acting insulins

Answer 4

Protamine Zinc Insulin (PZI)
Glargine
Detemir

Question 5

What does FSH do? What gland releases it?

Answer 5

stimulates ovarian follicle development

pituitary gland

Question 6

What is LH? What gland releases it?

Answer 6

it opens the ovarian follicle and releases the egg; also transforms the remainder of the follicle into the CL
Pituitary gland

Question 7

What is progesterone? What releases it?

Answer 7

“the hormone of pregnancy”

• shuts down hypothalamus-pituitary-follicle system
• produces negative feedback on GnRH and FSH/LH
• prepares the uterus to receive/implant/support the fertilized ovum
• keeps uterus in non-contractile state

released by the CL

Question 8

What can progestational hormones do to the luteal phase?

Answer 8

They can prolong it past the lysis of the CL

Question 9

What are 2 progestational drugs?

Answer 9

Altrenogest

Melengestrol Acetate

Question 10

What do prostaglandins do?

Answer 10

• lyse CL
• can bring animal back into estrus when animal is in luteal phase
• can terminate a pregnancy
• used to “Short Cycle”

Question 11

What organ produces PGs?

Answer 11

Uterus

Question 12

Where are two places that estrogen is secreted? What does it do in each case?

Answer 12

from immature follicle (follicular phase) –> signs of heat begin

from uterus –> causes increased number of oxytocin receptors & helps move the egg into the cervix

Question 13

What are two prostaglandin drugs?

Answer 13

Dinoprost

Cloprostenol

Question 14

What are gonadorelins? What are they used for?

Answer 14

• similar to GnRH but can’t mimic the pulse that tells pituitary to release FSH vs LH, so both are released (although more LH than FSH)
• brings animals out of persistent estrus by lysing the follicle that hasn’t lysed

Question 15

What are gonadotropins? What are they used for?

Answer 15

• a type of drug that is “attracted” to the ovaries and testis
• used for causing superovulation because it stimulates FSH and LH production

Question 16

What is estrogen usually used for?

Answer 16

spayed, incontinent dogs

Question 17

What do dopamine antagonist drugs do?

Answer 17

They promote the release of prolactin which increases follicular activity in anestrus mare

Question 18

What two drugs can be used to prevent pregnancy in dogs and cats?

Answer 18

Megestrol acetate

milbolerone

Question 19

What is the risk with using corticosteroids in repro medicine?

Answer 19

may cause premature parturition because cortisol is part of the parturition pathway

Question 20

What are two common reasons to use oxytocin?

Answer 20

dystocia

expulsion of placental material

Question 21

Define the follicular phase

Answer 21

development of t he ovum within the follicle; ends near onset of estrus when egg is ovulated from follcile

Question 22

What is the corpus luteum (CL)?

Answer 22

made of cells that were originally part of the follicle

Question 23

What is the luteal phase controlled by?

Answer 23

the CL; ends when CL is lysed

Question 24

What does the fetal pituitary gland secrete?

Answer 24

ACTH

Question 25

What does ACTH stimulate?

Answer 25

the adrenal gland to produce cortisol

Question 26

What does cortisol act on in the repro diagram I made?

Answer 26

uterus

Question 27

What 2 things does the uterus secrete?

Answer 27

PGs

Estrogen