Hormone & Endocrine Drugs Flashcards
T/F: T3, T4, and TSH are all produced by the pituitary gland.
F
T3 & T4 produced by thyroid gland
TSH produced by pituitary gland
T/F: Neutral protamine hagedron (NPH), protamine zinc (PZI), and glargine insulin are all short-acting and used to create a rapid drop in blood sugar.
F
NPH is intermediate.
PZI and glargine are long acting.
List the 2 intermediate acting insulins
Neutral Protamine Hgedorn (NPH)
Procine INsulin ZInc Suspension
List the 3 long acting insulins
Protamine Zinc Insulin (PZI)
Glargine
Detemir
What does FSH do? What gland releases it?
stimulates ovarian follicle development
pituitary gland
What is LH? What gland releases it?
it opens the ovarian follicle and releases the egg; also transforms the remainder of the follicle into the CL
Pituitary gland
What is progesterone? What releases it?
“the hormone of pregnancy”
- shuts down hypothalamus-pituitary-follicle system
- produces negative feedback on GnRH and FSH/LH
- prepares the uterus to receive/implant/support the fertilized ovum
- keeps uterus in non-contractile state
released by the CL
What can progestational hormones do to the luteal phase?
They can prolong it past the lysis of the CL
What are 2 progestational drugs?
Altrenogest
Melengestrol Acetate
What do prostaglandins do?
- lyse CL
- can bring animal back into estrus when animal is in luteal phase
- can terminate a pregnancy
- used to “Short Cycle”
What organ produces PGs?
Uterus
Where are two places that estrogen is secreted? What does it do in each case?
from immature follicle (follicular phase) –> signs of heat begin
from uterus –> causes increased number of oxytocin receptors & helps move the egg into the cervix
What are two prostaglandin drugs?
Dinoprost
Cloprostenol
What are gonadorelins? What are they used for?
- similar to GnRH but can’t mimic the pulse that tells pituitary to release FSH vs LH, so both are released (although more LH than FSH)
- brings animals out of persistent estrus by lysing the follicle that hasn’t lysed
What are gonadotropins? What are they used for?
- a type of drug that is “attracted” to the ovaries and testis
- used for causing superovulation because it stimulates FSH and LH production
What is estrogen usually used for?
spayed, incontinent dogs
What do dopamine antagonist drugs do?
They promote the release of prolactin which increases follicular activity in anestrus mare
What two drugs can be used to prevent pregnancy in dogs and cats?
Megestrol acetate
milbolerone
What is the risk with using corticosteroids in repro medicine?
may cause premature parturition because cortisol is part of the parturition pathway
What are two common reasons to use oxytocin?
dystocia
expulsion of placental material
Define the follicular phase
development of t he ovum within the follicle; ends near onset of estrus when egg is ovulated from follcile
What is the corpus luteum (CL)?
made of cells that were originally part of the follicle
What is the luteal phase controlled by?
the CL; ends when CL is lysed
What does the fetal pituitary gland secrete?
ACTH
What does ACTH stimulate?
the adrenal gland to produce cortisol
What does cortisol act on in the repro diagram I made?
uterus
What 2 things does the uterus secrete?
PGs
Estrogen
