Hormonal Regulation Of Fuel Flashcards
What is the major regulators of fuel homeostasis
Endocrine and autonomic nervous system
When CHO is low what are the two strategies to make energy
Gluconeogensis
Inhibit glucose utilization by tissues that can use alternate energy
What are the primary fuel hormones
Insulin Epinephrine Cortisol Glucagon Growth Hormone Thyroxine Leptin
Increased FA to muscle does what
Decrease metabolism of glucose
Increased glucose in the muscle does what to FA utilization
Limits it
Depletion of energy monitored as accumulation of what
5’AMP relative to ATP
If the ratio of 5’AMP to ATP increases activate what pathway
AMPK
AMPK is increased also by
Phosphorylation
It also dampens ATP consumption
What decreases blood glucose
Insulin
What oppose the action of Insulin
Epinephrine
Glucagon
Cortisol
Growth hormone
What stimulates pancreatic alpha cells to release glucagon
Decreased blood glucose
What hormones offset insulin induced hypoglycemia
Epinephrine-from adrenal medulla
Glucagon- pancreas
Cortisol-adrenal cortex
Growth Hormone- Anterior pituitary
These three have a synergistic effect to raise blood glucose levels
What is the immediate source of blood glucose
Liver glycogen
True or False
Liver is more responsive to insulin than muscle and adipose
TRUE
What is the difference between cortisol and GH on skeletal muscles
Cortisol is protein degradation
GH- protein synthesis
Both use fat utilization
