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Biology Paper 2 > Hormonal Coordination > Flashcards

Hormonal Coordination Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the endocrine system?

A

System of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream

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2
Q

How do the effects of the endocrine system compare to those of the nervous system?

A

Endocrine system effects are slower but act for longer

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3
Q

Where is the pituitary gland located?

A

Brain

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4
Q

Which organ monitors and controls blood glucose concentration?

A

Pancreas

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5
Q

Which hormones interact to regulate the blood glucose levels?

A

Insulin and glucagon

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6
Q

What is the cause of Type 1 diabetes?

A

Pancreas produces insufficient insulin

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7
Q

What is the cause of Type 2 diabetes?

A

Body cells no longer respond to insulin

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8
Q

What is the function of the kidneys?

A

Filter and reabsorb useful substances from the blood, produce urine to excrete excess water, ions, urea

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9
Q

How are excess amino acids excreted from the body?

A

Deaminated to from ammonia in the liver, ammonia is converted to urea and excreted

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10
Q

Which hormone controls the water level in the body?

A

ADH

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11
Q

How is kidney failure treated?

A

Organ transplant

Kidney dialysis

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12
Q

What is the function of FSH?

A

Causes eggs to mature in the ovaries, and stimulates ovaries to produce oestrogen

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13
Q

What is the function of LH?

A

Stimulates the release of an egg

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14
Q

What is the function of oestrogen?

A

Causes lining of uterus wall to thicken

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15
Q

What are the methods of hormonal contraception?

A

Oral contraceptives, an injection, skin patch or implant

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16
Q

State the disadvantages of IVF treatment

A

Emotionally and physically stressful
Low success rate
Can lead to risky and multiple births

17
Q

What is the function of adrenaline in the body?

A

Increases heart rate and boosts delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain and muscles to prepare the body for ‘fight or flight’

18
Q

What is the function of thyroxine in the body?

A

Stimulates basal metabolic rate, so is important for growth and development

19
Q

What is geotropism?

A

Orientation and growth of plants and response to gravity

20
Q

What is phototropism?

A

Orientation and growth of plant in response to light

21
Q

What are the uses of gibberellins in agriculture?

A

End seed

Biology Paper 2 (8 decks)

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