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Biology Paper 2 > Adaptation > Flashcards

Adaptation Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a population?

A

Total number of organisms of the same species that live in a specific geographical area

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2
Q

What is a community?

A

Group of two or more populations of different species living in a specific geographical area

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3
Q

What is an ecosystem?

A

The interaction of a community of living organisms with the non-living parts of their environment

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4
Q

What is competition?

A

Contest between organisms within a community for resources

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5
Q

What is interdependence?

A

When species in a community depend on others for resources and shelter

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6
Q

What do animals often compete for?

A

Food, mates and territory

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7
Q

What do plants often compete for?

A

Light, space, water and mineral ions

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8
Q

What is an abiotic factor?

A

Non living factor that can affect a community

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9
Q

List the abiotic factors that can affect a community

A 
Carbon dioxide levels for plants
Light intensity
Moisture levels 
Oxygen levels for animals that live in water 
Soil pH and mineral content
Temperature
Wind intensity and direction
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10
Q

What is a biotic factor?

A

Living factor that can affect a community

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11
Q

List the biotic factors that can affect a community

A

Availability of food
New predators
New pathogens
Competition between species

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12
Q

What is a stable community?

A

When all species and environmental factors are in balance, so population sizes remain fairly constant

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13
Q

How do adaptations help an organism?

A

Enable the organism to survive in the conditions in which it lives

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14
Q

What are the three types of adapations?

A

Structural, behavioural, functional

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15
Q

What is an extremophile?

A

Organism that lives in a very extreme environment

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16
Q

What makes an environment extreme?

A 
Very high or low temp
Extreme pressures
High salt concentrations 
Highly acidic or alkaline conditions
Lack of oxygen or water

Biology Paper 2 (8 decks)

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