Hormonal Communication Flashcards
What is the endocrine system?
Made up of glands which secrete hormones into the blood to be used at target organs
Define an exocrine gland
Secretes chemicals through a duct into or on surface of the body
What is unique about each hormone?
Have specific target cells and receptors
What effects does adrenaline have on the body?
Contracts smooth muscle in atreiole
Stroke volume increases along with heart rate
Conduction speed increases at AV node
What is in pancreatic juice?
Lipase
Amylase
Tripsinogen
How would you identify an islet of langerhan?
Light stain
Spherical cluster
Contains capillaries
How would you identify an acini?
Small cluster
Dark stain
What does an alpha cell produce?
Glucagon
What does a beta cell secrete?
Insulin
What does the cell membrane of beta cells contain?
K+ channels. Voltage gated Ca2+ channels open to respond to the change in potential difference
What is the normal range for blood glucose?
4 to 7 mmol per litre of blood
What happens when increase in blood glucose is detected by the islets of langerhans?
Beta cells release insulin which bind to lover to undergo enzyme controlled reactions
Define glycogenesis
Glucose into glycogen
Define glycogenolysis
Glycogen to glucose
Define glyconeonesis
Glycerol to amino acids
Where does genetically modified glucose come from?
Bacteria
What are chemereceptors?
Detect changes in blood pH and convert chemical energy into electrical energy
What is a baroreceptor?
Detects changes in blood pressure by stretching thw walls of arteries
What nerve increases the frequency of the heart?
Accelerator nerve
What nerve decreases the frequency of the heart?
Vagus nerve
