Hoover's Attempts to Deal with the Depression

Question 1

What did Hoover believe government intervention would destroy?

Answer 1

Individual strength

Question 2

What did Hoover refuse to fund?

Answer 2

Welfare programmes

Question 3

Why did Hoover refuse to fund welfare programmes?

Answer 3

He believe that such assistance would reduce the incentive to work

Question 4

What was rugged individualism?

Answer 4

The idea that every man should fend for himself

Question 5

What was Hoover nicknamed?

Answer 5

The do nothing President

Question 6

What event damaged Hoover’s reputation?

Answer 6

The June 1932 Bonus March

Question 7

What was the Bonus March?

Answer 7

Thousands of servicemen from WW1 marched on Washington asking for their war bonuses to be paid early. The marchers camped peacefully outside the White House and sang patriotic songs

Question 8

How did Hoover deal with the Bonus March?

Answer 8

Appointed General MacArthur to handle the situation

Question 9

How did MacArthur deal with the situation?

Answer 9

MacArthur convinced himself that they were Communist agitators and ignored Hoover’s instructions to treat the marchers with respect. Troops and police used tear gas and burned their camps

Question 10

When did Hoover form the Mexican Repatriation Programme?

Answer 10

1929

Question 11

Why did Hoover institute the Mexican Repatriation Programme?

Answer 11

To reduce white American unemployment levels

Question 12

Due to the Mexican Repatriation Programme, how many Mexicans and Mexican Americans were forced to migrate back to Mexico?

Answer 12

Over 500,000

Question 13

Why is the term Repatriation inaccurate?

Answer 13

60% of those forced out were US citizens

Question 14

When did Hoover introduce the Smoot-Hawley Tariff?

Answer 14

1930

Question 15

What did the Smoot-Hawley Tariff do?

Answer 15

Raise the tariff on thousands of imported items as part of a failed effort to encourage the purchase and growth of American-made goods, raise federal revenue and protect farmers

Question 16

Why was the Smoot-Hawley Tariff disastrous for the US and world economies?

Answer 16

It caused a global trade war and a rapid, 80% decline in international trade

Question 17

Why did farmers in Iowa (Hoover’s hometown) protest?

Answer 17

Hoover failed to increase the money made by farmers

Question 18

What did the protestors in Iowa protest?

Answer 18

“In Hoover we trusted but now we are busted”

Question 19

What did the Agricultural Marketing Act authorise?

Answer 19

Loans to farmers and businessmen to help prevent them going bankrupt

Question 20

When was the Agricultural Marketing Act introduced?

Answer 20

1929

Question 21

Why were the loans authorised by the Agricultural Marketing Act not effective?

Answer 21

They were expected to be paid back

Question 22

When did Hoover cut taxes to restart the economy?

Answer 22

1930

Question 23

When did Hoover set up the Emergency Relief Act?

Answer 23

1932

Question 24

What did the Emergency Relief Act do?

Answer 24

Set aside $300 million to provide unemployment pay

Question 25

What was the National Credit Corporation?

Answer 25

An association of major private banks that loaned to smaller banks on the verge of collapse

Question 26

In 1931, how much did Hoover give state governments to set up schemes, like the Hoover dam, to provide work?

Answer 26

$4 billion