Hoorcollege 1

Question 1

Media

Answer 1

the communication outlets or tools used to store and deliver information and data

Question 2

Mediation

Answer 2

the mediation of sense and sense-making in a given society via the (mass) media

–> we live in media not with media

Question 3

Mediation of politics

Answer 3

a situation in which the media have become the most important source of information and vehicle of communication between the governors and the governed

Question 4

Mediatization

Answer 4

a development towards increasing media influence and independence

–> We change because of media

Question 5

Media logic (begrip)

Answer 5

dominance of societal processes of the news values and the storytelling techniques. the media make us have to take advantage of their own medium and its format and to be competitive in the ongoing struggle to capture peoples attention

Question 6

Political logic (begrip)

Answer 6

both a policy dimension and a process dimension

policy dimension: the effort to find solutions for politically defined problems by means of programs for action

Process dimension: the effort to gain official acceptance of ones chosen program of action

Question 7

media effects theory

Answer 7

(structure): media has the power to brainwash us

(Altheide and Snow)

Question 8

uses and gratifications theory

Answer 8

(agency/audience): consumers are more in control, media has less power to brainwash us

Question 9

Verschillen media logic en political logic

Answer 9

Media logic: Market model
- media shapes political communication
- what people find interesting and what is commercialy viable is shown
- media companies = commercial enterprises

Political logic: public sphere model
- the needs of the political system and political institutions shape political communication
- what is important for people to know is shown
- media companies = political or democratic institutions

Question 10

4 phases of mediatization

Answer 10

Phase 1:
a. (mediation) most important source of information becomes the media
b. two or multistep flow (Kats and Lazersfeld)

Phase 2:
a. media content governed by media logic
b. professionalization of journalism
c. public actors invest in public relations

Phase 3:
a. further media independence (others have to adapt to media logic)
b. what and how journalists report changes significantly
c. public actors use spin doctors (kay van de linde)
d. conflict between political and media logic
e. still the idea of politicians that care about society but they realise they need the media

Phase 4:
a. political and social actors internalize and adopt media logic
b. mediated realities replace the notion of a believe in objective realities
c. permanent campaining
d. be popular instead of solve problems

Question 11

different public spheres (Jurgen Habermass)

Answer 11

1. feudal public sphere: farmers and no media influence
2. bourgeois public sphere: golden age, people where getting richer and educated themselves to think more critical (verlichting)
3. mass media public spheres: media killed everything –> after the enlightenmentthere was the industrial revolution together with capitalism. Media hopped on the commercial trend

Question 12

ways to decrease mediatization

Answer 12

• regulation
• education
• subsidized media
• strong public service broadcasting