Homeostatic Regulation (E1) Flashcards
5 components homeostatic pathway
Parameters (what is homeostatically regulated, normal-above-below)
Sensing structures (what is monitoring the parameters, cell population-glands-organs)
Signals (unique communications to get parameters to normal, chemical-electrical)
Corrections (positive, amplification of signal,and negative feedback,without delay)
Consequences (disease states)
Positive feedback
Fetal development
Parameters for postive
Fetal development
Normal, 38-42 weeks
Premature, earlier than 38 weeks
Overdue, after 42 weeks
Sensing structures for positive
Brain and uterus
Signal for postive
Periventricular nuclei connects the hypothalamus to posterior pituitary allowing the cycle to reach the uterus and back to the brain
Corrections
Contractions that get stronger and closer until baby or born before returning to normal
Consequences for postive
Premature and overdue, possible death
Parameters for negative
Fasting blood glucose
Normal, 70-110 mg/dl
Below, 70 mg/dl (hypoglycemia)
Above, 110 mg/dl (hyperglycemia)
Sensing structures for negative
Brain (hypoglycemia)
Small intestine (hyperglycemia)
Signal for hypoglycemia
Alpha cells reach glucagon hormone that enters the liver, glycogen is then taken out of the liver as glucose that is then transferred to the brain which triggers the pancreas and small intestine again
Signal for hyperglycemia
Glucose is expelled of the stomach into small intestine where some glucose is transported to a cell with beta cells from the pancreas. Then they get into the blood of the cell and with the lock and key of the glut get taken into the actual cell (the glucose)
Consequences for negative
Decrease in cognition and mood change (hypoglycemia)
Diabetes 1 and 2 (hyperglycemia) (problem with lock key door, complete destruction of beta cells that make myelin sheath)
Difference between + and - systems
+ has an amplitude in signal before reaching normal range unlike - that has no delay
