Homeostasis And Cell Process Flashcards
the maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment is what?
Homeostasis.
Homeostasis ensures that cells can obtain and use what 4 things?
energy, make new cells, exchange materials, and eliminate wastes in a changing environment.
What organisms exchange materials directly with the environment?
Unicelular organisms.
What organisms have systems that transport materials to cells from other places within the organism?
Multicellular
What is the transport system in humans?
Cardiovascular system.
What are the transport system in plants?
Xylem and phloem.
Cells get energy by doing what?
Breaking down materials.
Plants, algae, and some bacteria make their own food by a process called what?
Photosynthesis.
For photosynthesis, in the presence of sunlight, what two things are converted to sugar and oxygen?
Carbon dioxide and water.
Plants and animals use oxygen during what to produce energy from food?
Cellular respiration.
Sugars and oxygen are converted to what during cellular respiration?
Water, carbon dioxide, and energy.
What and what are linked because each process depends on the products of the other?
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
Cells do what at different rates for different reason?
Grow, divide, and die
In eukaryotes, DNA is copied before a cell can do what?
Divide.
What is cell division that forms two new nuclei that are identical to each other?
Mitosis.
Cell membranes are what, allowing only certain particles to move into or out of the cell?
Semi-permeable.
The movement of materials across a cell membrane without the use of energy is called what?
Passive transport
What is the movement of molecules from high concentrations to low concentrations?
Diffusion.
(What) is the diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane?
Osmosis.
Large molecules move into and out of cells through what?
Protein channels.
What is the movement of particles against a concentration gradient and requires energy?
Active transport.
What and what are forms of active transport that move large particles into and out of cells?
Endocytosis and exocytosis.
What is a process by which a cell uses energy to surround and enclose a particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell?
Endocytosis.
What is a process by which particles are enclosed in a vesicle in a cell and released from the cell?
Exocytosis.
