Digestion And Excretory

Question 1

Cells use nutrients from food for what?

Answer 1

energy, growth, maintenance, and repair.

Question 2

What breaks down food into nutrients that can be used as building materials that provide energy for cells?

Answer 2

The digestion system.

Question 3

What digestion is the breaking, crushing, and mashing of food?

Answer 3

Mechanical

Question 4

What digestion occurs when large molecules of food are broken down so that they can pass through the bloodstream?

Answer 4

Chemical

Question 5

What is a chemical that breaks down large molecules into smaller molecules.

Answer 5

Enzyme

Question 6

Where does mechanical and chemical digestion first begin?

Answer 6

The mouth.

Question 7

Food moves through the throat into a long tube called the what?

Answer 7

Esophagus.

Question 8

Muscle contractions called what move the food to the stomach?

Answer 8

Peristalsis.

Question 9

What is a muscular bag that crushes food and contains acids and enzymes for killing bacteria and breaking down proteins?

Answer 9

The stomach.

Question 10

What is the mushy mix of food that passes from the stomach to the small intestines?

Answer 10

Chyme.

Question 11

What is a muscular tube where most chemical digestion takes place and most nutrients are absorbed?

Answer 11

The small intestine.

Question 12

In the what, water and nutrients are absorbed, leaving waste?

Answer 12

The large intestine.

Question 13

What makes fluids that break down proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and nucleic acids?

Answer 13

The pancreas.

Question 14

What makes and releases a mixture called bile that is stored in the gall bladder?

Answer 14

The liver.

Question 15

What does the liver release of mixture?

Answer 15

Bile.

Question 16

What breaks up large fat droplets?

Answer 16

Bile.

Question 17

The walls of the what have many folds that increase the surface area, allowing more room for nutrients to be absorbed?

Answer 17

The small intestine.

Question 18

Each fold has what, which are covered with what, that absorb more nutrients?

Answer 18

Villi and Microvilli.

Question 19

The large intestine removes what, and absorbs what, and turns food into what?

Answer 19

Water, nutrients, and feces.

Question 20

They what is the end of the large intestine that stores feces until they can be expelled by the anus?

Answer 20

Rectum.

Question 21

The excretory system eliminates cellular wastes from the body through the what?

Answer 21

Lungs, skin, kidney, and digestion system.

Question 22

What are released through the skin as you sweat?

Answer 22

Excess salt.

Question 23

The lungs release what as you exhale?

Answer 23

Water and carbon dioxide.

Question 24

The kidneys and the digestive system remove what?

Answer 24

Cellular waste.

Question 25

What is one of a pair of organs that remove waste from the blood?

Answer 25

A kidney.

Question 26

What are structures in the kidneys where fluid is filtered from the blood?

Answer 26

Nephrons.

Question 27

Water and wastes filtered from the blood form a liquid called what?

Answer 27

Urine.

Question 28

Urine travels from the kidneys, through the what, to the what?

Answer 28

Ureters and bladder.

Question 29

Urine exits the bladder through a tube called the what?

Answer 29

Urethra.

Question 30

How does the urinary system maintain homeostasis?

Answer 30

Cells need a certain level of salt and water to maintain homeostasis.

Chemical messengers called hormones signal the kidneys to filter more or less water and salt as needed.