Homeostasis

Question 1

what is homeostasis

Answer 1

when your body maintains the same conditions inside the body, in response to internal or external conditions

Question 2

what mechanism is used for homeostasis

Answer 2

negative feedback

Question 3

what are 2 sections of homeostasis

Answer 3

osmoregulation
thermo regulation

Question 4

what is osmoregulation

Answer 4

controlling how much water is contained in the body, by changing the amount of water let out in urine

Question 5

what is thermoregulation

Answer 5

keeping the body temperature at 37 degrees Celsius.

Question 6

what structure controls thermoregulation

Answer 6

hypothalamus

Question 7

what is the main aim of thermoregulation

Answer 7

to transfer more or less energy to the surroundings

Question 8

what 3 effects occur when you are too hot

Answer 8

• blood vessels dilate/constrict to allow for blood to flow closer to the skin surface
• sweat glands release more sweat to evaporate
• sebaceous glands produce oil that helps the sweat spread out over the skin

Question 9

what 3 effects occur when you are too cold

Answer 9

• blood vessels dilate/constrict to allow for blood to flow further away from the skin surface
• sweat production is stopped
• erector muscles raise body hairs to trap warm air (goosebumps)

Question 10

why is it important to control body temp

Answer 10

to keep enzymes working

Question 11

what is vasodilation

Answer 11

dilates blood vessels to allow more blood flow near the skin

Question 12

what is vasoconstriction

Answer 12

constricts blood vessels to allow for less blood flow near the skin

Question 13

what 2 hormones control blood glucose regulation

Answer 13

insulin and glucogen

Question 14

what organ detects changes in blood glucose

Answer 14

pancreas

Question 15

what happens when there is a rise in glucose to lower it again

Answer 15

1. The pancreas detects high blood glucose concentration
2. increases insulin secretion but decreases glycogen secretion
3. insulin causes muscles and liver to remove glucose from the blood and store it as glycogen

Question 16

what happens when there is a dip in glucose to raise it again

Answer 16

1. The pancreas detects low blood glucose concentration
2. increases glycogen secretion but decreases insulin secretion
3. glucogen causes the liver to convert glycogen to glucose and release it into the blood

Question 17

what is the name of the condition where a person cannot control their glucose concentration properly

Answer 17

diabetes

Question 18

what is type 1 diabetes

Answer 18

where a person’s immune system has damaged the person’s insulin-secreting pancreatic cells so the person does not produce insulin

Question 19

what is type 2 diabetes

Answer 19

the person does produce insulin but their liver cell cells have become resistant to it

Question 20

what is a way to control type 1 diabetes

Answer 20

inject insulin into the fat just below the skin, they have to work out the right amount of insulin to inject so that the blood glucose concentration is kept within safe limits

Question 21

what is the way to control type 2 diabetes

Answer 21

eat foods containing less sugar, exercise and use medications

Question 22

what is the formula for BMI

Answer 22

weight/height squared