Homeostasis Flashcards
What is the normal body temperature?
36.5 to 37.5
How can body temperature be measured?
Using a tympanic thermometer
What is an example of a positive feedback loop?
Regulation of blood clotting
What is an example of negative feedback loop?
Body temperature regulation
Regulatory mechanisms in the body for increased body temperature?
Pilorelaxation, vasodilation, sweating
Regulatory mechanisms in body for decreased temperature?
Piloerection, vasoconstriction, skeletal muscle shivers.
What is pyrexia?
A raised body temperature (fever)
What is homeostasis?
The ability or tendency of a living organism, cell, or tissue to keep the condtions inside it the same despite any changes in the conditions around it or maintaining a state of internal balance.
What needs to be maintained in the internal environment?
H20, CO2, pH, temperature, O2
What is the normal pH?
Between 7.35 and 7.45
What is acidosis and what is the main cause of it?
Acidosis is when the pH falls below 7.35, and its main causes are metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis.
How is fluid distributed in a 70kg male?
Total body water= 42L, intracellular fluid volume is 2/3 TBW= 28L, extracellular fluid is 1/3 TBW= 14L. Extracellular fluid volume splits into 2: 3/4 is interstitial fluid (11.5) and 25% is plasma (3.5L).
What happens if there isn’t enough water?
Initially cells and tissues absorb water from interstitial space, then from each other. As tissues die, water is absorbed from organs, eventually causing them to die.
What is osmolality?
The concentration of a solution expressed as the total number of solute particles per kg.
What is oedema?
Oedema is fluid retention, occurs when the hydrostatic pressure is greater than osmotic pressure.
