homeostasis Flashcards
What are the three main systems of homeostasis in body systems that must be regulated?
thermoregulation, osmoregulation, chemical regulation
What temperature must be kept in the human body to maintain homeostasis?
37 degrees Celsius
What is the regulation of the body’s salt and water balance called?
osmoregulation
Why is electrolyte balance extremely important for the body?
For carrying out electrical communication of the heart and nervous system
Regulation of blood glucose levels in the body is a form of what kind of homeostasis process?
chemical regulation
Body systems for maintaining homeostasis fall into what three main categories?
sensor, control center, effector
What organ system acts as a sensor in homeostasis?
the nervous system
What is the main instrument that the body uses to detect changes in the body?
receptor proteins in neurons
The control center of the body?
The brain
What are the organs called that carry out the processes needed to maintain homeostasis that are controlled by the endocrine and the nervous system?
effectors
What is the effector that regulates water and salt balance in the body?
kidney
How does the pituitary gland help in maintaining blood pressure?
When blood pressure is low the pituitary gland releases antidiuretic hormone that travels to the kidney where it promotes the reabsorption of water from the urine filtrate, thus increasing blood pressure and maintaining homeostasis of water
What are the main components of a feedback loop?
stimulus, sensor, control center, effector
In a feedback loop the product of the —– becomes the stimulus that controls the system
effector
In a ——– feedback loop the product of the effector is stimulates the effector and increases the product
positive
Signals of the brain to release oxytocin in childbirth to increase contractions of the uterus in childbirth is an example of
positive feedback loop
A ——- feedback loop occurs when the original state is restored due to a response that opposes that change
negative
How does the hypothalamus regulate body temperature?
when our core temperature gets too hot, it processes this sensory information and causes effector organs, such as sweating and dilating blood vessels to release excess heat that allow our temperature to decrease
The body’s thermostat
hypothalamus
Normal blood glucose levels after fasting are
100 mg/dl
Two hours after eating, blood glucose levels should be no more than
140 mg/dl. higher levels than this may indicate diabetes
when homeostasis controls break down disease can result, such as this disease in which the body is unable to regulate blood glucose levels. What is this disease called?
diabetes
Which of the following best describes homeostasis?
The ability to maintain a reasonable stable internal condition regardless of surrounding factors
This mechanism is in play when the original state is restored due to a response that opposes that change
negative feedback loop
