HM Manual CH. 18 Laboratory Flashcards
What are the two principal methods of obtaining blood specimens?
Capillary and Venipuncture
What is the Laboratory Report Display form?
SF-545
Do not leave a tourniquet on for no longer than?
one minute
What color top is often used for CBC’s?
Lavender
What are the four parts of the microscope?
Arm, Stage, Mechanical, Base
What are the three different powers of a microscope?
10x low, 40x high, 100x oil immersion
What does a CBC consist of?
WBC, WBC diff, RBC, Hematocrit, Hemogloblin
What are the normal values for hemoglobin?
Woman 12-16
Men 14-18
What are the normal values for hematocrit?
Women 37-47%
Men 42-52%
What are the normal values for WBC’s in adults?
4,800 - 10,800
What are five types of WBC’s?
Neutrophil Basophil Lymphocyte Eosinophils Monocytes
What are four growth requirements for bacteria?
Moisture
Oxygen
Nutrition
Temperature
What destroys parasites?
Eosinophils
A rise in basophils is associated with what?
Inflammation
Lymphocytes are produced when?
Viral infection is present.
What do monocytes do?
controls microbial and fungal infection and removes damaged cells.
Name some common gram positive cocci:
Streptococcus pneumoniae - pneumonia
Streptococcus pyogenes - strep throat
Staphylococcus aureus - boils, furnicles, oseomyeltis, endocarditis, impetigo
Name some gram-negative cocci:
Neisseria gonorrhoeae - gonorrhea
Neisseria meningitis - meningitis
List some common gram-positive bacilli:
Diphtheria
Clostridium - gas gangrene
Tetanus
Botulism
Name some gram-negative bacilli:
yersinia pestis -bubonic plague
brucella abortus - brucellosis
bordetella pertussis - whooping cough
What test is used to detect syphlis?
RPR test (usually takes 1-4 weeks)
RPR test is reported as?
Reactive or non-reactive
What test is designed to detect mononucleosis?
monospot test
How is mononucleosis reported?
Positive or Negative
What is the frequently used method in detecting fungi?
KOH prep - potassium hydroxide
Urine specimens from females are usually contaminated with?
Albumin(protein)
Blood(menstrual discharge)
What is the normal daily urine volume for adults?
600-2000ml
avg about 1500ml
What color does gram-positive cells turn?
violet(purple)
What color does gram-negative cells turn?
pink
What shape are coccus?
Spherical
-appears singly, pairs, chains, clusters or packets
What shape are bacillus?
Rods
-appear singly, chains, railroad tracks, school fish
What are spirochetes shaped like?
Helical, spiral corkscrew
-appears singly
What color is urine with the presence of blood?
red or red brown
Yellow or brown colored urine usually indicates what?
presence of bile
Olive green to brown-black urine indicates what?
phenols
Dark orange urine is caused by what?
pyridium
What is the specific gravity of urine?
1.015 - 1.030
High fluid intake reduces specific gravity to what?
1.010
The presence of disease may cause specific gravity to be in what ranges?
1.001 - 1.060
What shape are casts and how are they formed?
Cylindrical
formed by coagulation of albuminous material
What does each WBC present indicates? Neutrophils Basophils Lymphocytes Eosinophils Monocytes
Bacterial Inflammatory Viral Parasite Microbial and Fungal
