HIV Clinic Flashcards
What is the most common type of HIV?
HIV-1
What cells does the HIV virus enter?
CD4 T-helper cells
What is the flu-like illness that occurs a few weeks after HIV infection called?
Seroconversion
What is a fungal pneumonia typically seen in HIV patients?
Pneumocystis jirovercii pneumonia
How long do you have to wait to test HIV antibodies after exposure to virus?
3 months
What HIV antigen can you test for that gives an earlier result?
p24 antigen
What is a normal CD4 count?
500-1200cells/mm3
What CD4 count indicates late-stage HIV?
Under 200cells/mm3
What is classed as an undetectable viral load?
50-100 copies/ml
What is the time frame to start PEP after exposure?
max 72 hours
Typical HIV treatment?
Start two nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) + a third agent
What is the aim of HIV treatment?
To make viral load undetectable
What do you do if CD4 count is below 200?
- Prophylactic co-trimoxazole (septrin)
- Monitor CVD risk - statins
- Yearly cervical smears
- Vaccinations
- Avoid live vaccines
How long do newborns have to be on antiviral therapy after birth if mother has HIV?
4 weeks to avoid vertical transmission
