HIV and AIDS Flashcards
what is HIV?
a virus that attack the body’s own immune system which make a person more susceptible to other infections and diseases.
what are the risk factors of HIV?
unprotected sex
multiple sex partners
perinatal exposure (being born to a HIV positive mom)
IV drug use
healthcare workers
how do healthcare workers get HIV?
needle stick injuries
exposure to blood and bodily fluids
clinical manifestations of HIV
flu-like symptoms
lymphadenopathy
thrush
weakness
night sweats
fever
weight loss
rashes
diarrhea
what is lymphadenopathy?
enlarged lymph nodes
what is thrush in the mouth?
fungal infection on the tongue
what labs are ordered for patients with HIV?
CD4
WBC
what happens is HIV is left untreated?
it can lead to AIDS
what is AIDS?
the final stage of HIV; it is life threatening and happens when the body’s immune system is severely damaged due to the virus.
signs and symptoms of AIDS
kaposi’s sarcoma
tuberculosis
pneumonia
wasting syndrome
candidiasis of the airways
what is the treatment for HIV and AIDS?
antiretroviral therapy
they are going to be on numerous antivirals for the rest of their life
what are some important patient teaching points for HIV and AIDS?
safe sex
encourage PREP (pre-exposure prophylaxis) for uninfected sexual partners
emphasize the need to continuously monitor CD4+ count
infection prevention (hand hygiene, bathe daily with antimicrobial soap, avoid raw and undercooked foods, avoid fresh plants, do not clean cat litter boxes, avoid crowds and sick people)
what does HIV stand for?
human immunodeficiency disease
what does AIDS stand for?
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
why do patients not take their HIV meds?
cant afford medicine
GI upset due to increase in liver enzymes
