HIV/AIDS

Question 1

signs/sx of acute HIV

Answer 1

2-6 wks post exposure

“flu like”

pt highly infectious

Rash (upper trunk, neck, face)

Question 2

acute HIV labs

Answer 2

HIV Ab test - negative

Viral load >10,000

Increased LFTs

leukopenia

thrombocytopenia

Question 3

how long from getting HIV does a pt seroconvert?

Answer 3

within 3 mos of infection

Question 4

HIV stays active in what part of body

Answer 4

lymph nodes

Question 5

how long can HIV stay latent

Answer 5

10 yrs

Question 6

clinical latency period labs

Answer 6

CD4 T cell count decreases

Question 7

sx of clinical latency

Answer 7

asx or lynphadenopathy

Question 8

sx infection signs

Answer 8

fatigue.malaise

mouth disorders: oral hairy leukoplakia (viral EBV)

Kaposis sarcoma

Question 9

sx infection labs

Answer 9

RNA viral load increases

CD4 T cell count decreases

Question 10

progression to AIDS definition

Answer 10

CD4 T cell count <200

or

HIV + 1 out of 27 AIDS defining conditions regardless of CD4 T cell count

Question 11

Pneumocytis Jiroveci CPx

Answer 11

severe hypoxemia

fever, cough SOB

Question 12

CXR of PJP

Answer 12

diffuse/perihilar infiltrates

Question 13

PJP dx

Answer 13

sputum sample

Question 14

labs PJP

Answer 14

increased LDH

Question 15

PJP tx

Answer 15

bactrium DS

Question 16

CD4 T cell count PJP

Answer 16

<200

Question 17

CPx toxoplasmosis

Answer 17

encephalitis

intracranial lesions

HA

focal neuro deficits

seizures

retinitis, pneumonitis

Question 18

toxo dx

Answer 18

mult. contrast enhancing lesions on brain on MRI or CT

seropositive for toxo

Question 19

toxo tx

Answer 19

sulfadiazine & pyrimethamine

Question 20

CD4 T cell count for toxo

Answer 20

< 100

Question 21

MAC CPx

Answer 21

systemic dz in adv HIV

night sweats

wt loss

abd pain

Diarrhea

anemia

Question 22

MAC dx

Answer 22

sputum AFB stain positive

positive sputum & Blood cultures

Question 23

MAC tx

Answer 23

macrolide

Question 24

CD4 T cell count for MAC

Answer 24

<50

Question 25

what is kaposis sarcoma

Answer 25

vascular neoplasm

Question 26

what is MC retinal infection in AIDS pt

Answer 26

CMV

Question 27

CPx of CMV

Answer 27

visual disturbances, blindness

Question 28

CMV Dx

Answer 28

perivascular hemorrhages, white fluffy exudates on fundoscopic exam

sero+ for CMV

Question 29

CMV tx

Answer 29

gangcyclovir

Question 30

esophageal/ vaginal candidiasis tx

Answer 30

azoles

Question 31

HIV tx

Answer 31

common start: 2 diff NRTIs + INSTI

Question 32

who do you screen for HIV?

Answer 32

everyone 13-64 y/old

anyone starting TB tx

Question 33

SM HIV screening done…

Answer 33

anually

Question 34

preggo women HIV screening

Answer 34

1st time they enter care

Question 35

when are HIV a-bodies detected

Answer 35

4-12 wks after infection seroconverts

Question 36

what are the rapid HIV tests

Answer 36

saliva or blood

+ rapid test requires confirmation: combo HIV a-body & antigen testing (4th gen tests detect Ab & Ag)

use antigen/a-body combo test

OR

order HIV RNA test