CBC popcorn Flashcards
Increased retic count is a/w and increase in what two CBC findings?
Increase in MCV (macrocytosis) and RDW
RBC lifespan is shortened by what 4 things
- Uremic toxins
- Elevated BG
- Inflammatory cytokines
- Infectiosn
MCV <80 =?
>100 = ?
<80= microcytosis
>100= macrocytosis
RDW refers to what
ranges of cell sizes
What is anisocytosis?
Abnormalities of size
correlates w/ RDW
Microcystosis and macrocytosis are examples
What is Poikilocytosis? What does this suggest?
Abnormalities of shape
Suggests defect in the precursor cells in RBC maturation
What is hyperchromasia
RBC darker in color due to dehydration or presence of spherocytes
Target cells
Thalassemia
Hemoglobinopathy, liver dz
Basophilic stippling- 3
Thalassemia
alcohol abuse
lead/heavy metal poisoning
Rouleaux formation
Multiple myeloma
Shistocytes and Helmet cells- 3
- Heart valve
- DIC
- Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
Heniz Bodies- 3
G6PD deficiency
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
thalassemia
Bite cells- 2
G6PD deficiency
Hemolytic anemia
Howell- Jolly Bodies- 3
- Sickle cell anemia
- Hemolytic or megaloblastic anemia
- s/p splenectomy
Smudge cells
CLL
Blasts (e.g. lymphoblasts, myeloblasts) on peripheral smear
ALWAYS abnormal
Suggests malignancy
When does Koilonychia occur in anemia
chronic anemia
What does anemia w/ normal retic count (or slightly elevated) suggest?
Iron/B12 deficiency
OR
maturation problem (e.g. myelodysplastic syndrome)
What do you have to do with the retic count with anemia
must be corrected to the extent of the anemia
Normal or inadequate response to anemia?
Corrected retic >3?
Corrected retic <2?
> 3= normal response
< 2= inadequate response
What is the easy way to figure out if the bone marrow is compensating for the anemia?
if Hgb + retic is > 15
What is the most sensitive test to detect iron deficiency?
Ferritin
(marker of iron storage)
Decrease ferritin = ?
Increased ferritin = ?
Decr = iron deficiency
Incr = Hemochromatosis (can also see w/ hemolytic and megaloblastic anemia)
Other than hemochomatosis, what 2 other conditions might ferritin be increased in?
1. Inflammation
2. Infection
(ferritin is an acute-phase reactant)
Transferrin can decrease when
various acute inflammatory reactions
+/- chronic illness and liver disease
What 4 conditions will Transferrin saturation be increased in?
- Hemolytic anemia
- Megaloblastic anemia
- Sideroblastic anemia
- Hemochromatosis
What is the best iron test for hemochromatosis?
Transferrin saturation
