HIV/AIDS

Question 1

disease in sub Saharan Africa, it must be

Answer 1

AIDS

Question 2

Virus that causes pandemic AIDS

Answer 2

retroviridae

Question 3

genetic material of retroviridae, genome?

Answer 3

+ssRNA, diploid so has two identical copies of this

Question 4

has gp120 and gp41

Answer 4

retroviridae, causative of AIDS

Question 5

virus that has two identical copies of +ssRNA

Answer 5

retroviridae

Question 6

How retroviridae replicates

Answer 6

attaches to CD4 –> endocytosed –> uncoats –> RT uses RNA to make dsDNA –> Integrase integrates the DNA into the host –> now called provirus –> viral prts synthesized by host including Gp120 and gp41 –> assembly –> protease cleaves the virions so they can leave

Question 7

the function of gp120

Answer 7

binds CD4 and chemokines of host to allow infection of retroviridae

Question 8

function of gp41

Answer 8

acts in fusion of retroviridae to host

Question 9

3 keys of RT (also, what kind of pol is it?)

Answer 9

it has no proofreading, it acts as a RNase, DNA and RNA dep-it ultimately acts as an RNA dep DNA pol for retroviridae for our situation

Question 10

serotypes of retroviridae and where they are prevalent

Answer 10

1=pandemic and 99%

2= W. Africa

Question 11

detect acute HIV

Answer 11

Ag, key is may not be Ab b/c seroconversion happens at some point within the first 6 months

Question 12

when seroconversion happens what is the result (load of HIV, CD4 cells)

Answer 12

HIV load decreases but so does the number of CD4 cells as they are killed

Question 13

During the asymptomatic stage of HIV what is happening

Answer 13

the main thing is that the HIV viral load is increasing a great deal…. CD4 cells are being killed while this happens until you reach a threshold, this takes many years

Question 14

Critical threshold for AIDS

Answer 14

when CD4 counts hit 200 cells/ul shit gets bad

Question 15

1 cause of death in AIDS patients

Answer 15

Tb

Question 16

M-tropic targets? bind via? Early or late infection?

Answer 16

Targets macrophages, binds via R5 via Cd4 and CCR5

Early infection

Question 17

T-tropic targets? binds via? Early or late?

Answer 17

Targets t-cells, binds via X4 via CD4 and CXCR4; late and less infective

Question 18

allele where a mutation is good for HIV prevention?

Why?

Answer 18

CCR5 delta 32

–HIV wants to bind D32 of CCR5 but it is mutant so it cannot bind

Question 19

Which Ig crosses the placenta?

Answer 19

IgG-it is very small

Question 20

AZT inhibits

Answer 20

NRTI-nucleoside RT inhibitor

Question 21

treat who especially with NRTI

Answer 21

prego women b/c it reduces vertical transmission