HIV/AIDS

Question 1

How is HIV transmitted?

Answer 1

Transmitted through blood and body fluids

Question 2

Ways to get HIV

Answer 2

• Sexual contact
• Mother to baby during pregnancy, delivery, breast-feeding
• IV drug use
• Blood transfusions
• Healthcare employees- needle sticks

Question 3

Respiratory manifestations of HIV-6

Answer 3

• SOB
• Dyspnea
• Cough
• Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)
• Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)
• TB

Question 4

GI manifestations of HIV-6

Answer 4

• Loss of appetite
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Oral / esophageal candidiasis
• Wasting syndrome

Question 5

Oncologic manifestations of HIV-2

Answer 5

• Kaposi sarcoma (Most common cancer in patients with HIV)

* AIDS-related lymphoma (Hodgkin and nonhodgkin lymphoma)

Question 6

Neuro manifestations of HIV-5

Answer 6

• Changes in cognition, decision-making, motor function, attention, memory
• Peripheral neuropathy
• Encephalopathy
• Cryptococcal meningitis
• Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)

Question 7

integumentary manifestations of HIV-7

Answer 7

• Herpes zoster
• Herpes simplex
• Dermatitis
• Dry, flaky skin
• Rash
• Eczema
• Psoriasis

Question 8

gyn manifestations of HIV-6

Answer 8

• Vaginal candidiasis
• Genital ulcers
• HPV
• Cervical cancer
• Pelvic inflammatory disease
• Menstrual abnormalities

Question 9

Physical assessment-HIV-skin integumentary-3

Answer 9

inspected for evidence of breakdown, ulceration, and presence of candidiasis

Question 10

Physical assessment-HIV-resp status-6

Answer 10

Monitor for cough, sputum production, SOB, orthopnea, tachypnea, and chest pain

Question 11

HIV dx-4

Answer 11

• Antibody test- detects antibodies, not virus itself
• Antigen/antibody test- detects HIV virus
• Nucleic acid (RNA) test- detects HIV virus
-CD4 T-cell count (Helps to determine stage of disease)

Question 12

nursing management HIV-8

Answer 12

 Prevent infection (Good hand hygiene)
 Ensure adequate nutrition
 Improve activity tolerance (Energy conserving techniques, sitting down while preparing meals)
 Pain relief
 Manage episodes of diarrhea
 Promote skin care / integrity (Immobile patients –> change position q 2 hours, Adhesive tape is avoided, Assess perianal region for infection)
 Assist patient to cope with disease (Maintain contact with friends and family)
 Educate patient on disease process

Question 13

potential complications HIV-4

Answer 13

 Opportunistic infections
 Respiratory failure
 Wasting syndrome
 Adverse side effects of medication therapy

Question 14

definition for AIDS

Answer 14

HIV-infected persons with fewer than 200 CD4+T cells