H.I.V.

Question 1

What does HIV stand for?

Answer 1

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Question 2

What does the HIV do to the immune system?

Answer 2

Damages immune system cells.

Therefore, weakens ability to fight common infections and disease.

Question 3

What is the pathology of HIV?

Answer 3

Infects and destroys CD4⁺ T-Helper Cells.

Question 4

What are the stages of progression for HIV? (5)

Answer 4

Acute Infection
-->
Asymptomatic for a while
-->
HIV Related Illness
-->
AIDs Related Illness
--> 
DEATH

Question 5

What are the 3 main routes of infection for HIV?

Answer 5

Heterosexual Sex
Mother to Child inheritance
Unscreened Blood

Question 6

How does HIV present? (7)

Answer 6

• Flu Like Symptoms
• Fever
• Malaise and Lethargy
• Lymphadenopathy
• Pharyngitis
• Weight Loss
• Rash (toxic exanthema)

Question 7

How do we test for HIV? (4)

Answer 7

• Detection of HIV RNA
• Tropism Testing
• HIV Resistance Testing
• Subtype Determination

Question 8

How do we treat HIV?

Answer 8

1) Antiretroviral Therapy (ART)

2) Combination Antiretroviral Therapy (cART)
[3 drugs of 2 groups]

Question 9

How long is the course of treatment for HIV?

Answer 9

Life-long

Question 10

When do we encourage treatment for HIV?

Answer 10

If CD4 < 350 cells/mm³

Question 11

When MUST a HIV patient start treatment?

Answer 11

If CD4 < 200 cells/mm³

or if patient is a pregnant woman

Question 12

How can we prevent HIV? (4)

Answer 12

• Behaviour Change (using condoms)
• Circumcision
• Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP)
• Postexposure prophylaxis for sexual exposure (PEPSE)