HIV Flashcards
what are the 2 main types of HIV virus
HIV1 and HIV2
what is more virulent HIV1 or HIV2
HIV1
what is CD4
a glycoprotein found on the surface of T helper lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages and microglial cells
what are CD4 Th lymphocytes needed for
induction of adaptive immune response recognition of MHC2 antigen-presenting cell activation of B cells Activation of cytotoxic T cells (CD8) cytokine release
what is the normal range for CD4
500-1600
what in the range increases the risk of opportunistic infections
<200 cells/mm3
how does the HIV virus replicate
rapid replication in very early and v late infection
how does the infection spread
infection of mucosal CD4 cell (Langerhans and Dendritic cells)
Transport to regional lymph nodes
infection established within 3 days of entry
dissemination of virus
what are the presenting features of primary HIV infection
fever, rash (maculopapular), myalgia, pharyngitis, headache/aseptic meningitis)
what is the phase after primary infection
asymptomatic infection
what are the signs and symptoms of PCP
insidious onset, SOB, dry cough, exercise desaturation
CXR-may be normal interstitial infiltrates, reticulonodualr markings
how do you treat PCP
high dose co-trimoxazole
what is the CD4 threshold for cerebral toxoplasmosis
<150
what is cerebral toxoplasmosis caused by
reactivation of latent infection, multiple cerebral abscess
what is the CD4 threshold for CMV
<50
