HIV

Question 0

HIV - Patients

Answer 0

Recurrent infections
Fever
Malaise

Question 1

HIV - Pathogen

Answer 1

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Spherical, enveloped, RNA retrovirus

Question 2

HIV - Mechanism of infection

Answer 2

Vertical transmission
Bodily fluids
Needles
Virus enters CD4+ cells which then present viral antigen so CD4+ cells attacked

Question 3

HIV - Management

Answer 3

EIA and western blotting used for detection, repeat negative results as seroconversion takes time
Fusion inhibitors - prevent virus binding with CD4+ cells
Protease inhibitors - prevent replication as no proteins
Integrate inhibitors - prevent virus entering nucleus
Non-NRTIs and NRTIs - prevent RNA to DNA conversion

Question 4

HIV - Outcome

Answer 4

Can progress to AIDS

Reversible with HAART (highly active anti retroviral therapy)

Question 5

HIV - Prevention

Answer 5

Avoid high risk partners
Education so people take precautions
HAART, C-section and avoid breast feeding to prevent vertical transmission