HIV

Question 1

learning objectives?

Answer 1

1. identify the main routes of HIV transmission
2. know the key elements of HIV structure and replication
3. infer the mechanism of HIV disease from its mode of replication

Question 2

HIV is

Answer 2

a zoonotic disease

Question 3

few virons breach the

Answer 3

epithelium and establish infection

Question 4

brief window to

Answer 4

attempt prevention with drugs or vaccines

Question 5

virones infect

Answer 5

tissue macrophages, dendritic cells

Question 6

infected cells produce

Answer 6

virons and also migrate to lymph nodes where further infections occur

Question 7

how do virons spread?

Answer 7

they spread from regional lymph nodes and gut lymphoid tissue (GALT) to other sites

Question 8

what are the routes of transmission?

Answer 8

1. sexual contact

2. blood

Question 9

HIV infects

Answer 9

lymphoid cells that are embedded in the vaginal and rectal epithelium, then spreads to lymph nodes and blood

Question 10

HIV is an RNA virus and also classified as

Answer 10

Retroviridae

Question 11

HIV is also considered as

Answer 11

Lentivirus, which means slow to cause dz

Question 12

HIV is

Answer 12

1. ssRNA
2. • strand
3. two copies in each viron (diploid)

Question 13

Describe the route of HIV infection

Answer 13

HIV infects lymphoid cells that are embedded in the vaginal and rectal epithelium, then spreads to the lymph nodes and blood

Question 14

HIV is an

Answer 14

RNA virus

Question 15

HIV is also called

Answer 15

lentivirus, which means slow to cause dz

Question 16

Is HIV monoploid?

Answer 16

no it’s diploid

Question 17

what are the 2 components of HIV envelope?

Answer 17

TM = transmembrane, gp41
SU = surface, gp120

Question 18

SU, gp120 binds to

Answer 18

CD4 and chemokine receptor (CCRs), which causes conformational change in TM

Question 19

CCR usage shifts between what?

Answer 19

CCR5 (macrophage) and CXCR4 (T cells)

Question 20

presence of what determines susceptibility to HIV infection?

Answer 20

presence of CCR (Chemokine receptors)

Question 21

after needle stick

Answer 21

PEP = post exposure prophylaxis

Question 22

almost eliminated as risk factor for HIV are

Answer 22

mother to fetus, and infection from blood products

Question 23

routes of HIV transmission depend on

Answer 23

cultural factor

Question 24

2/3 of the HIV transmission happens through

Answer 24

bisexual and Gay men

Question 25

HIV introduced to humans from

Answer 25

chimpanzee

Question 26

what are the 2 routes of transmission?

Answer 26

sexual contact, blood

Question 27

what does HIV infect?

Answer 27

lymphoid cells that are embedded in the vaginal and rectal epithelium, then spreads to the lymph nodes and blood

Question 28

what does lentivirus mean?

Answer 28

slow to cause dz (not slow to replicate)

Question 29

HIV is

Answer 29

ssRNA and + strand

Question 30

HIV has

Answer 30

two copies in each virion (diploid)

Question 31

virons budding and maturation requires

Answer 31

HIV protease

Question 32

membrane fusion is the key to the

Answer 32

virulence

Question 33

HIV forms

Answer 33

1. syncytia formation | 2. multinucleated giant cell

Question 34

Synctia is lethal to

Answer 34

T cells

Question 35

HIV binds to CCR5

Answer 35

which is on Macrophage

Question 36

HIV also binds to CXCR4

Answer 36

which is on T lymphocytes

Question 37

cell mediated immune system (NK cells and cytotoxic cell) lead to

Answer 37

latency of HIV about for 10 yrs

Question 38

env is

Answer 38

gp120 and gp41

Question 39

what are the 3 stages of HIV

Answer 39

acute, persistent, and AIDS