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Edexcel GCSE History- Weimar and Nazi Germany > Hitler's Rise to Power > Flashcards

Hitler's Rise to Power Flashcards

1
Q

What award was Hitler granted during the war?

A

Iron Cross

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2
Q

How did Hitler become aware of the DAP?

A

He was charged with keeping an eye on local political activists in the Munich area

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3
Q

When was the German Worker’s Party founded?

A

February 1919

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4
Q

Who founded and originally led the DAP?

A

Anton Drexler

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5
Q

When did Hitler join the DAP?

A

19th September 1919

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6
Q

What position did Hitler earn in January 1920?

A

Head of Party Propaganda

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7
Q

What was the name of the DAP’s party policy?

A

25 point programme

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8
Q

When was the 25 point programme made?

A

February 1920

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9
Q

What three main things was the 25 point programme opposed to?

A
  • Weimar Politicians
  • Democracy
  • Jews
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10
Q

How did Hitler’s personal appeal improve the party?

A

He was a great orator

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11
Q

On how many occasions between November 1919 and November 1920, did Hitler appear as star speaker?

A

31

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12
Q

How many members of the DAP were there in June 1920?

A

1,000

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13
Q

How many members of the DAP were there by the end of the 1920s?

A

3,000

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14
Q

When did the party set up a permanent office in Munich?

A

January 1920

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15
Q

What did Hitler suggest as the new name for the party?

A

Nationalist Socialist German Worker’s Party (NSDAP)

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16
Q

What logo and parry action did the NSDAP adopt?

A

The swastika and straight-arm salute

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17
Q

What did the NSDAP buy in December 1920?

A

The People’s Observer newpaper

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18
Q

How many copies of the People’s Observer were in circulation?

A

17,000

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19
Q

When did Hitler become leader of the NSDAP?

A

July 1921

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20
Q

Which four supporters did Hitler surround himself with upon coming to party leadership?

A
  • Rudolf Hess (wealthy academic)
  • Hermann Goering (WW1 fighter pilot)
  • Julius Streicher (nationalist politician, iron cross)
  • Ernst Rohm (popular ex-army officer)
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21
Q

How did Julius Streicher increase Nazi party support?

A
  • His own supporters from Central Germany then started supporting Nazis.
  • Founder Der Sturmer in 1923, which abused Jews and Communists
  • 14,000 copies in circulation
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22
Q

When was the SA set up?

A

August 1921

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23
Q

How many SA members were there i Agust 1922?

A

800

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24
Q

How did the SA strenghten the Nazi Party?

A
  • Had sense of power and organisation
  • Controlled crowds and subdued opposition
  • Disrupted opposition meetings
  • Paraded streets as show of force
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25
Q

What was the name of Hitler’s personal bodyguard he selected from the SA?

A

Stosstrupp

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26
Q

How did Hitler gain total control of the nazi party in January 1922?

A

Gave up right to elect leader of the party and dictated policy instead of discussing it (lasted 2.5 hours)

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27
Q

How many members of the NSDAP were there in November 1923?

A

50,000

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28
Q

When was the Munich Putsch?

A

8th- 11th November 1923

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29
Q

What were the long term causes of the Munich Putsch?

A
  • Dolchstoss and the diktat
  • Resentment of Weimar Republic
  • 50,000 members of NSDAP
  • Bavarian Government Leaders relaxed control
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30
Q

What were the medium term causes of the Munich Putsch?

A
  • Mussolini’s Inspiration

- Fascist takover in Italy in 1922

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31
Q

What were the short term causes of the Munich Putsch?

A
  • Hyperinflation
  • Invasion of Ruhr, passive resistance and deportation and imprisonment of workers
  • Time to exploit grievances
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32
Q

Who were the three key Bavarian officials at the Burgerbrau Keller?

A 
Gustav von Kahr (state gov leader)
von Seisser (head of Bavarian Police)
von Lossow (head of German Army in  Bavaria)
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33
Q

How many SA members stormed into the Beer hall?

A

600

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34
Q

What did Hitler demand of the Bavarian officials?

A

-Support

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35
Q

What did Hitler want support for, from the Bavarian officials?

A

He was going to take over Bavaria and then march on Berlin and put Ludendorff as leader of the German Army

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36
Q

What did Rohm and the SA do whilst Hitler was in the Beer Hall?

A

Take over the local police and army headquarters

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37
Q

Which significant building did Rohm not take over during the Putsch?

A

The main barracks

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38
Q

Who did Ludendorff fatefully release during the Putsch?

A

Kahr, Seisser, Lossow

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39
Q

How much support did Hitler have in his revolt on the 9th November 1923?

A

1,000 SA and 2,000 supporters

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40
Q

Which of Hitler’s beliefs were not fufilled during the Munich Putsch?

A

The support from the townspeople

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41
Q

Which organisation put down the Putsch?

A

State Police

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42
Q

Which leaders were arrested after the putsch?

A
  • Ludendorff
  • Rohm
  • Streicher
  • Hitler
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43
Q

What happened to the leaders of the party after arrest?

A

Three of them sentenced to five years in Landsberg prison but Lundendorff set free

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44
Q

What happened to the party whilst Hitler was in prison?

A

Banned

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45
Q

How much of Hitler’s sentence did he serve?

A

Nine months

46
Q

When was the ban on the NSDAP lifted?

A

February 1925

47
Q

How many seats did the Nazi Party win in May 1924?

48
Q

What were the three advantages of the Munich Putsch?

A
  • Hitler used his trial to get publicity
  • Hitler wrote Mein Kampf in jail
  • Hitler changed his strategy - ballot over the bullet
49
Q

What racist views did Mein Kampf make clear?

A
  • Aryan race supremacy and world leadership
  • Jewish conspiracy against Aryans
  • Jews weaken Aryan race by intermarriage, taking over industry and moderate political groups
50
Q

Other than racism, what where the four other key views expressed in Mein Kampf?

A
  • Nationalism and Lebensraum
  • Socialism
  • Totalitarianism
  • Traditional German Values
51
Q

How did the Nazi party get better organised and financed?

A

By the appointment of party Secretary, Philipp Bouhler and party treasurer, Franz Schwarz

52
Q

What was the Nazi party imitated to be like?

A

A mini state with different governmental departments

53
Q

What youth and female organisations were set up?

A
  • German Women’s Order
  • Nationalist Socialist German Student’s League
  • Hitler Youth
  • School Pupil’s League
54
Q

What were the regions of Germany divided into and given?

A

Gaues with Gauleiters

55
Q

Who was Gregor Strasser?

A

A powerful Gauleiter in North Germany

56
Q

Where did Josef Goebbels rise to prominence as a gauleiter?

57
Q

How did Hitler pay for his party’s reorganisation?

A
  • Raised money from nationalist inudustrialists

- Received loans from big businessmen like Thyssen, Krupp and Bosch

58
Q

How many SA members were there by 1930?

59
Q

When did Hitler become leader of the SA?

60
Q

What was the SS created?

61
Q

How many members did the SS have by 1930?

62
Q

From when did Himmler lead the SS?

63
Q

When was the Bamburg Conference?

64
Q

Which two leaders stressed socialism at the Bamburg conference?

A

Strasser and Goebbels

65
Q

How did Hitler respond to Strasser and Goebbels at the Bamburg Conference?

A

Put down socialist principles of the parties, claiming the pair were evil communists

66
Q

What happened to Strasser and Goebbels at the Bamburg Conference?

A

Goebbels was won over to Hitler’s nationalist side and promoted to Gauleiter of Berlin but Strasser remained untrusted

67
Q

How many members did the Nazi party have in 1929?

68
Q

How many votes did the SPD win the may 1928 election with?

69
Q

How many seats did the Nazi party have in may 1928?

70
Q

When was the wall street crash?

A

October 1929

71
Q

How many shares were sold on Black Thursday?

A

13 million

72
Q

What happened to banks during the Wall Street Crash?

A
  • Some ran out of cash
  • German Civil Bank went bust
  • Savings were lost
  • Loads of money was lost
73
Q

What happened to German industry and farms after the recall of loans?

A

They cut down production or closed completely

74
Q

How much did production fall by between 1929 and 1932?

75
Q

How many people were unemployed in January 1933?

A

6.1 million

76
Q

How many people were unemployed in September 1931?

A

4.3 million

77
Q

How many people received no benefits?

78
Q

How much did real wages decrease by from 1928 to 1932?

79
Q

How much did the number of arrests in Berlin for theft increase by?

80
Q

How did the Bruning try to deal with the crash?

A

Raise taxes and cut unemployment benefits

81
Q

Which moderate leader failed to support Bruning?

A

Hermann Muller

82
Q

How many times did the Reichstag meet in 1930? 1931? 1932?

A

1930 - 94
1931 - 41
1932 - 13

83
Q

How many decrees did Bruning use in 1931? 1932?

A

1931- 44

1932 - 66

84
Q

When did Bruning resign?

85
Q

How many votes did the Nazi party get in 1930?

86
Q

How many votes did the Nazi party get in July 1932?

87
Q

How many votes did the KPD party gain from 1928 to 1932?

88
Q

What was Hitler’s appeal during the great depression?

A
  • Strong leader
  • Promised law and order
  • Treat Germany fairly
  • Scrap Treaty of Versailles
89
Q

What was the SA’s appeal during the great depression?

A
  • Reliable, organised and disciplined through chaos
  • Intimidated other candidates
  • Tore down opposition posters
  • Broke into offices and disrupted rallies
90
Q

How did the Nazis appeal to big businessmen?

A

-Provided protection from communism and nationalisation

91
Q

How did big business aid the Nazi party 1930-33?

A
  • Poured money into party, e.g. Benz and Krupps

- Alfred Hugenberg allowed Goebbels to use newspapers for Nazi propaganda

92
Q

How did the Nazis appeal to the working class?

A
  • Promise of work and bread on posters
  • Socialist elements
  • Traditional german values
93
Q

How did the Nazis appeal to the middle class?

A
  • Great depression damaged them and Hitler could help
  • Protection from communists
  • Saw end to moral decline and decadence with traditional values
94
Q

How did the Nazis appeal to farmers?

A
  • Policy changed so only private land owned by Jews would be confiscated
95
Q

How many votes did the Nazis gain from some rural areas?

96
Q

How did the Nazis appeal to young people?

A
  • Party was exciting and promising

- New and gave young people something to do and be proud of and fight for

97
Q

How many Nazi party members were there in 1933?

98
Q

How did the Nazis appeal to women?

A
  • Stressed German values with the home
  • Claimed best for families and country
  • Traditional motherly values
99
Q

What did the Nazi party manage to do by 1933?

A

Unite different sections of society

100
Q

How many votes did Hitler win in the March 1932 presidential elections?

A

11 million

101
Q

How many votes did Hindenburg win in the March 1932 presidential elections?

A

18 million

102
Q

How many votes did Hitler win in the April 1932 presidential elections?

A

13 million

103
Q

How many votes did Hindenburg win in the April 1932 presidential elections?

A

19 million

104
Q

What two fatal policies did Bruning introduce in April 1932?

A
  • Banning of SS and SA

- Plan to buy up land from large landowners and use it to house unemployed

105
Q

Who became chancellor after Bruning?

106
Q

Who ran the country with von Papen in charge?

A

The Cabinet of Barons

107
Q

What did Hitler demand after the July 1932 elections?

A

That Hindenburg sack von Papen and make him chancellor

108
Q

What did Hitler’s Majority in November 1932 elections result in?

A

Von Papen’s removal

109
Q

Who became chancellor in December 1932?

A

Von Schleicher

110
Q

What request did von Schleicher make to Hindenburg?

A

Make him head of a military dictatorship and suspend the constitution

111
Q

What solution did von Papen give Hindenburg?

A

Make Hitler chancellor and von Papen vice chancellor and use Papen’s power with Hindenburg’s to make decisions and just use Hitler as a figurehead

112
Q

When was Hitler appointed as chancellor?

A

30th January 1933

Edexcel GCSE History- Weimar and Nazi Germany (7 decks)

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