Hitler and His Dominance against Germany Flashcards
What were the Most important point’s of Hitler’s 25 point plan?
The Abolusion of the TOV
Only true Germans allowed to live in Germany
Fuhur - the idea that there should be one person in charge rather than a democracy
Lebensraum - the need for living space for Germans so that the German nation can expand
What was the Munich Pustch?
Munich Pustch was when Hitler and Ludendorff hijacked a goverment meeting and Hitler announced that he was taking over the goverment of Barivia.
The Weimar Goverment forces hit back and the rebellion broke up in chaos. 16 Nazi’s died, Hitler and other Nazi leaders were arrested and charged with treason. This was the 8th November 1923.
Why was the Munich Putsch a Sucsess and Failiure?
Sucsess:
Gained Attention and Suppourters
Wrote Mein Kampf while in jail and got more publicity
He was suppoused to serve 5 years, but it got moved down to 9 months
Failiure:
Plan to ovrthrow the goverment failed
16 Nazi’s killed
Who was in charge of the Nazi Propaganda?
Joeseph Goebbels
Who were the November Criminals?
The November Criminals - the German Politicianss who signed the TOV. They were used as a scapegoat for Germans. No political leder could do anything about the subject so they annointed Hitler.
What caused the German Depression?
In 1929, the American Stock Market crashed and sent the USA into a disastrous economic depression. Germany was also badly effected
American banks had lost a lot of money from this and asked Germany to repay the money they had borrowed.
The result was economic collapse in Germany. And Germany still had to oay the reperatiojns from the TOV.
Why did the Nazi’s sucseed in elections?
Nazi Campaigning - Hitler was a powerfull speaker and he brought his message to millions using films, radios and records. Nazi’s used various different types of propaganda using posters
Negative Cohesion - Cohesion means bringing together. The Nazi’s benifited from Nazi Cohesion. People followed the Nazi’s because they shared Nazi fears
The Communist Threat - “fear of communism” was another shared negative threat that Germans were scared of.
Decadence - nazi’s talked about restoring old fashoned values
The Resualt - Nazi suppourt rocketed
How did Hitler become Chancellor?
Hindenburg Appointed Hitler - Hindenburg had refused to appoint Hitler in the past but all of the other people that he had appointed had failed at their Job. No other leadr would be able to command sufficient support to govern
He won the election because he prommised the German People what they wanted (Jobs) (money)
He used the Economic Depression and downfall of the Weimar Goverment to his advantage
How did Hitler Consolidate his position?
Reichstag Fire - 27th Febuary 1933
Enableing Act - 24th March 1933
Army Oath - 2nd August 1934
Night of the Long Knives - 29th - 30th June 1934
What is the Reichshtag Fire?
Reichstag Fire - 27th Febuary 1933 - The Reichstag building Burnt down, the communists were blamed, this helped people dislike the communists and Hitler wiped out oppisition. Hitler was believed to be the one to burn it down so that he could wipe out oppisition
What is the Enabling Act?
The Enabeling Act - 24th March 1933 - this made Hitler a dictator, this meant Hitler could make any law to pass and anything he wanted
What is the Army Oath?
The Army Oath - 2nd August 1934 - Hindenburg died so Hitler took over as supreme leader. The entire army had to swear an oath of personal loyalty to him
What is the Night of the Long Knives?
Night of the Long Knives - 29th - 30th June 1934 - Hitler ordered the SS to purge the SA because they didn’t fully suppourt Hitler. Hitler showed of his power and forced people to suppourt him.
Why did the Wall Street Crash help Hitler?
The knock on effect of the wall street crash led to the German Depression. Germans were so down that they voted for Hitler because he was offering them money and Jobs.
What were the Nazi Aims?
A strong Germany
A Racially Pure Germany - Hitler believed in Aryan Supremecy and blmaed the Jews for many of Germany’s problems
A Peoples Community (volk) - Nazi’s wanted people to give hearts and minds to Hitler
What were the Different people of the Nazi Police State?
Gestappo - The secret State Police. Commanded by Heydrich, people believed they would have a network of informers to listen in on people’s conversations
The SS - Led by Heimrichh Himler - was made up of Aryan men. SS had the main opportunity of crushing opponents
Concntration Camps - Jews, Communist and people brave enough to stand up to the Nazi’s were put here. Prisoners were forced to do hard labour. Top Jobs in police forces were given to high ranking Nazis reporting to Himmler. The Nazi’s controlled the courts and the magistrates
The Police and the Courts - Top Jobs in police forces were given to high ranking Nazi’s
How did the Nazi’s use Propaganda?
The Numberg Rallies - Goebbels organized huge rallies which took place in summer each year. These rallies showed to Germans the power of the state and gave them a sense of belonging to the Nazi movement.
Control of Media and Culture - Joseph Goebbels was the leader of this. Propaganda was through Books (books against the Nazi’s could and would not be published under goebbels permission), Art(mainly sculptures of heroic looking Aryans), Posters (proclaiming the success of Hilter and the Nazi’s through pictures), Radio (he made cheap radios avadable so all Germans could buy one so that they could listen to Hitler’s speeches and oter Nazi leaders)
Explain and Describe the 1936 Olympics
The 1936 Olympics
Hosted in Berlin
Goebbels and Hitler believed that this would be a showcase that the Aryan Race was superiour to any other race
The USA was threatening to boycot (don’t show up / a way of going on strike) so Gerany added one Jew to the games
Goebbels built a sadium to hold 100, 000 people
Germany came top of the medal table
However, A Black Athlete, Jesse owens became the star of the games by winning 4 gold medals and beating 11 world records in the process
The Olympics backfired on the Nazi Reigime
What were ways that Nazi’s persecuted Minorities?
A Euthinasia Program began in 1939 against the mentally handicapped
Books of gay authors were banned, Orginizations for gay and lesbain people were shut down
In 1935, The Numberg Laws took away many of the Jews rights (eg jews were not allowed to many or have sex with a pure blooded german)
Polish Ghettos - After invading Poland in 1939, the Nazi’s set out capturing Polish Jews and put htem in Ghettos
Mass Murder - In 1941, Germany Invaded the USSR, they were in control of 3 million Jews and they rounded them up and shot them. The Executions were carried out by SS soilders.
The Final Solution - Himmler, leader of the SS was put in charge of the systemic killing of all the Jews within Germany. The rest were sent to labour camps.The SS was to blame because they carried out many of the killinfs. The German People were responsable because they didn’t stand up and the turned a blind eye to it
What happened in Kristallnacht?
Kristallnacht:
In November 1938, A young Jew killed a German Diplomat in Paris. THe Nazi’s used this as an escuase to alunch a voilent revenge on Jews.
SS Troops had pickaxes and hammers and they ran riot, smashing up Jewish shops and workplaces.
Hundreds of Synagouges were burned
When was Kristallnacht?
9th November 1938
What was it like for Young People to live in Nazi Germany?
At School - You would have to learn about the history of Geermany
In the Hitler Yoouth - You would be in exiting bands and parades, you would be attached to the Nazi youth movements because of the leasure oppetunities offered. There were no alternatives (all other youth groups had been shut down or banned)
They needed to raise the kids in the right Nazi way because they were the future of the nazi generation and were going to be mothers and soilders
What was it like for Women in Nazi Germany?
Very traditional role - wife and mother
There was resentment towards working women in the 1930s because they were seen as keeping men out of Jobs
The Nazi’s offered financial tempting rewards to give to the women such as - if they had 8 children they were given a “gold cross”
The Germans cared for the women because they felt they needed to suppourt the Nazi husband, they were going to give birth to future nazi soilders
Rearment?
Used as a means to fight unemployment by building armed forces
