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History 2016 > Hitlar And The Rise Of Nazi Germany > Flashcards

Hitlar And The Rise Of Nazi Germany Flashcards

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1
Q

Armistice

A

Agreement to stop fighting so that the enemies and them can discuss peace terms.

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2
Q

Authoritarian

A

People have no or say in how the government should be ruled. The opposite of democracy.

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3
Q

Annihilate

A

Cease to exists. To wipe out completely.

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4
Q

Coup or Putsch

A

The violent overthrow of a government

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5
Q

Chancellor

A

The leader of the Reichstag

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6
Q

Concentration camps

A

Places where people were literally ‘ concentrated ‘ and made to work until they were too old. They were the shot or gassed.

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7
Q

Der Führer

A

German word for leader.

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8
Q

Dictate

A

To give a command to.

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9
Q

Dictator

A

A leader with total power.

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10
Q

Einsatzgruppen

A

Death squads

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11
Q

Extermination

A

Killing

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12
Q

Fascist

A

A political theory that the government should have complete control.

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13
Q

The Final Solution

A

The final solution was the name that the Germans have to the systematic killing of the Jews.

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14
Q

Genocide

A

Mass murder

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15
Q

The Holocaust

A

This means totally burned this refers to the international and systematic killing of the Jews by the Nazis

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16
Q

Inflation

A

The increase in the price of goods

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17
Q

Jehovah’s Witnesses

A

A Christian religious group

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18
Q

Mein Kampf

A

A book written by Hitler during his 4 months in jail. It means my struggle.

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19
Q

Opposition

A

A group of people who disagree with you

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20
Q

Propaganda

A

Biased and often untrue advertising used to indoctrinate people into police ing a certain idea or event.

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21
Q

Reich

A

The German state

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22
Q

Reichstag

A

German word for parliament

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23
Q

Reparations

A

Money paid for damage

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24
Q

Scapegoat

A

Someone who is blamed or punished for she misfortune or others

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25
Q

Slavs

A

People of eastern state

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26
Q

Swastika

A

The symbol of the nazi party

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27
Q

Who were the storm troupers and what did they do

A

They were known as the SA and they wore a brown uniform. They organised parades and carried around the Nazi flag. They would also often beat up people who didn’t agree with them

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28
Q

What was the SA ‘s motto

A

All opposition must be stamped into the ground.

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29
Q

Why was Hitler sent to prison and for how long

A

He was sent to prison because he tried to start a coup against the Weimar government and failed. He was only sent to prison for 9 month because the judge agreed with what Hitler was doing.

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30
Q

What as the Great Depression

A

The Great Depression was a time period where people lost their jobs, inflation rose, countries went into debt and economy’s collapsed.

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31
Q

What were the events leading up to the Great Depression.

A
  • Germany and lots of other countries borrowed money from the US
  • America was not using their money wisely
  • Wall Street collapsed and the US went into debt
  • the US started to demand that Germany and the other countries, pay back the money that they had borrowed from them.
  • the great depression began
  • workers lost jobs
  • inflation rose
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31
Q

What happened after the Kaiser was overthrown

A

The Weimar Republic came into power. It was a democracy.

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32
Q

What were the reasons for the failure of the Weimar Republic.

A
  • the Germans were not used to a democracy. They had always had a Kaiser
  • large business, military and judges didn’t like the idea of a democracy
  • there were too many political parties. Not one party could win all of the seats in Reichstag. This showed that the Weimar Republic didn’t have enough power to deal with Germany’s problems
  • the Weimar government shouldered the blame for signing the armstice and treaty of Versailles
  • resurgence of militarism
  • economic problems
33
Q

What were some reasons for public support of the Nazi party.

A

• Germans wanted to return to being an important world power, they agreed with what the Nazi party was doing.
• Hitler was a really good public speaker and could hold the attention of a large crowd.
• the Nazi party received support from the military and other big business
• the Nazi party was well organised and their propaganda was successful in making
•

34
Q

Who passed the enabling act

A

the president and the head of state of the Reichstag. His name was Hindenburg

35
Q

What did the enabling give the Nazis

A

It have the Nazi party full power and put Hitler in control

36
Q

What happened when Hindenburg died

A

Hitler took his place as leader of the Reichstag and became a dictator.

37
Q

What was hitler known as when he became a dictator

A

Der Führer

38
Q

Where were the first concentration camps set up.

A

Dachau

39
Q

Who were the people send to the concentration camps

A
  • anyone who disagreed with the Nazis
  • Jews
  • Blacks
  • Homosexuals
  • Gypsies
40
Q

What are Aryans

A

Hitlers idea of a perfect person/ race. All aryans had blue eyes and blonde hair.

41
Q

What is anti- semitism

A

The hatred of Jews

42
Q

Who was used as a scapegoat

A

Jews

43
Q

How was propaganda used

A

• posters

44
Q

What were Germany’s economic problems

A 
War debt
Devaluation of the Mark
Decrease foreign trade
Loss of colonies and territory
German industry came to standstill 
Wall Street collapse 
Had to pay money back to USA
USA withdrew assistance
German economy crumbled
45
Q

Loans from the USA what was it called ?

A

Dawes plan

46
Q

German prime minister before Hitler

A

Stresseman

47
Q

President before hitler

A

Bon Hindenburg

48
Q

Nazi party

A

Nationalist socialist German workers party

49
Q

Background info on Hitler

A 
Born in Austria
Was a corporal in the army during ww1
Chancellor in 1933
Dictator from 1934-1945
Married Eva Braun - both committed suicide to avoid capture by the Russians
50
Q

Hitlers ideas

A
  1. Autocratic government ( opposite of democracy)
  2. Break down treaty of Versailles - claim back land - lebenstraum living space
  3. creation of master race - Aryans
  4. purge nation of undesirables
  5. Jews became the scapegoat - he blamed them for cornering Germanises wealth and having an international outlook.
  6. promised to fix economy and bring wealth and prosperity
  7. tools would be Nazi party, propaganda and military
51
Q

Methods of the Nazi party

A
  1. Violence
  2. swastika
  3. Propaganda - appointed minister of propaganda Joseph goebbels
  4. Mass meetings
  5. hitler great speaker
  6. SA
  7. SS
  8. Gestapo secret police
52
Q

Minister of propaganda

A

Joseph goebbels

53
Q

Who the chancellor who convinced Hindenburg to appoint hitler as the chancellor - he believed that the Nazi party could be controlled

A

Von papen

54
Q

How did hitler succeed it making Germany a dictatorship ?

A

After hitler became a chancellor he set elections
He burns down parliament building
Blamed it on the communists - arrested them
Announced a decree ( enabling act) that all power rested on him , only Nazi party, people no power
Had elections and only Nazi party was there to vote for
And so. Germany became a totalitarian state
Hindenburg died, hitter merged presidency with chancellor and became the fuhrer

55
Q

Features of a totalitarian state

A

Ruled by a dictator
Membership of party for elite
People have no rights
Ruling party controls education- brainwashing
Ruling party controls economy - no private ownership
Ruling party controls army
Ruling party control media- propaganda
Secret police terrorise people to stamp out opposition
Racial superiority is encouraged

56
Q

Jew had to wear

A

Yellow Star of David

57
Q

Political opponents had to wear

A

Red triangle

58
Q

Jehovah’s Witnesses had to wear

A

Purple triangle

59
Q

Homosexuals had to wear

A

Pink triangle

60
Q

Roma had to wear

A

Brown triangle

61
Q

Other criminals had to wear

A

Green triangle

62
Q

What were the Nuremberg laws

A

Jews were…
• dismissed from civil service
• dismissed from jobs as : lawyers, professors, lecturers, doctors, teachers, nurses, dentists… Etc
• expelled from schools and universities
• stripped of citizen rights
• prohibited from marrying non- Jews
• forced to sit on separate park benches
• not permitted to use public facilities, travel on trams, or attend treated and cinema.

63
Q

According to the Nazis, who was considered impure or not Arian

A
  • Jews
  • politic al opponents
  • Jehovah’s Witnesses
  • homosexuals
  • racially impure: Jews, Roma, Slavs
  • people who were physically or mentally disabled were systematically killed.
64
Q

Features of fascism

A
  • no opposition is allowed
  • no freedom of speech or press
  • people are encouraged to worship the leader
  • use of violence to keep people under control
  • secret police force witch spies on people
  • trade unions are banned
  • fascist leader cooperates with land and factory owners
  • use propaganda to unite people
  • large emphasis on military and willingness to go to war
  • a strong sense of pride in one’s country
  • racism and persecution
  • hatred of democracy
65
Q

Who appeased hitler

A

Britain and France

66
Q

How did hitler get more lebenstraum

A

He took over some of Czechoslovakia and Austria

67
Q

Why did Britain and France promise to protect Poland

A

Because Britain and France thought that hitler was going to take over Poland next.

68
Q

What happened after Germany invaded Poland

A

Britain and France declared war on Germany

69
Q

Who was Mussolini

A

He was a dictator of a fascist state- Italy. He gave hiker the salute to show that Italy supported Germany.

70
Q

Who were the Allied powers in WW2

A

Britain
France
Russia
USA

71
Q

Who were the Axis powers in WW2

A

Germany
Italy
Japan

72
Q

Did the holocaust happen suddenly

A

No, it was the end of a long process of anti- semitism

73
Q

How many Jews were killed in the holocaust

A

6 million

74
Q

Who was the leader of the SS

A

Heinrich Himmler

75
Q

What were the SS men taught

A

They were taught racial hatred and told to harden their hearts toward human suffering. They were made to declare absolute obedience and loyalty to the Führer

76
Q

What was the Einsatzgruppen

A

It was a group of SS men who became the mobile killing squad

77
Q

Why did the Nazis stop the shooting into mass graves

A

They stopped it because some people were only shot in the leg or shoulder and survived. It also greatly impacted some of the SS men. It was too difficult for them to shoot and some committed suicide.

78
Q

Describe the process of The Final Solution

A

People were loaded into cattle trucks and taken to extermination camps.
The people were ordered to undress and were forced into a gas chamber that was disguised as a shower room.
The people were locked inside the gas chambers and a gas called Zyklon B was released into the rooms.
People inside were dead within 15 minutes
After everyone was dead other, stronger, prisoners took everyone out and anything valuable like wedding rings or false teeth were taken out.
The people were then stuffed to large oven I which they were burned and their ash was used as fertiliser.

79
Q

What are three example of resistance to the Nazi party

A

1) Sophie Scholl and the White Rose Movement:
Sophie and her brother Hans dropped leaflets in the empty hallways of the school. They were caught and killed by guillotine

2) Dietrich Bonhoeffer and the Confessing Church:
There were three main groups of churches. Two: the Catholic Church and the German Christians had agreements with the Nazi party. The confessing church was against the Nazis. The leader ,Dietrich Bonhoeffer, was part of a plot to assassinate Hitler. The plan failed, he was arrested, sent to a concentration camp and hung.

3) Warsaw Ghetto uprising

History 2016 (5 decks)

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