History Winter exam Flashcards
What was the reformation?
The reformation was a movement in the 15th century which led to the splitting of the church- Catholic and Protestant.
Who was Martin Luther?
Martin Luther was one of the key figures in the Reformation. He also published the ‘95 theses’.
What was the ‘95 theses’?
The ‘95 theses’ was 95 statements about christianity and it was aimed to attack the catholic church. It was published by Martin Luther.
When was the ‘95 theses’ published?
1517
What was the ‘Act of Supremacy’?
It made the reigning monarch the Head of the Church.
When was the ‘Act of Supremacy’ published?
1534
Why was the ‘Act of Supremacy’ made?
It was made because Henry VIII wanted to divorce his wife Catherine of Aragon but the Pope wouldn’t let him. But if Henry was the head of the church he could divorce his wife.
Why was the Pope so powerful in Medieval times?
The Pope was very powerful because nearly everybody was religious and people had to pay the Church. It was also believed that he was chosen by God and was more important than any over monarch.
What is ‘transubstantiation’?
Catholics believe that during mass when the wine and bread are blessed they turn into the physical body and blood of Jesus Christ.
How did saints play a role in people’s lives?
They were worshipped and shrines were built for them.
Give a few ways how people’s lives were connected to the church.
- People had to tithe ( 10% ) their money
- People payed for indulgences.
People were expected to go to church.
How many wives did Henry VIII have?
6
How many masses per day did Henry VIII attend when he was young?
6
When did Henry VIII become heir to the throne?
1502
When did Henry VIII become king?
1509
Why did Henry VIII struggle to marry his brother’s wife?
The Pope wouldn’t allow him because the bible said it was unclean.
What was the king’s ‘Great Matter’?
It is a term describing the problems Henry VII had when trying to marry his brother’s wife- Catherine of Aragon.
Give some reasons why monasteries had changed for the worse by 1936.
- Nuns and monks were having children.
- Monks were drunk at mass.
- Monks and nuns were breaking their vows.
Give reasons why monasteries continued to act as they had in medieval times.
- We don’t know if the evidence against them was actually true.
- Monks were meant to be supporting their leader- the Pope so they weren’t doing anything wrong by doing that.
- They were using the same practices as they always had.
List some changes to the church under Edward VI.
- Saints were no longer worshipped.
- A new English litany was published.
- The book of common prayer with services in English was published.
- Communion replaced mass.
- Churches became plainer.
List some changes to the church under Henry VIII.
- Parliament passed the ‘Act of Supremacy’.
- Henry got the Catholic church’s land and money.
- Monasteries were destroyed.
Which Pope denied Henry VII a divorce and annulment?
Pope Clement VII
When did Henry VII die?
1547
What was Henry VII’s elder brother called?
Arthur
