Geography Year 9 - Unit one rocks

Question 1

What are igneous rocks?

Answer 1

Formed when molten rock cools, often contains crystals. Examples in Northern Ireland are basalt and granite.

Question 2

What are sedimentary rocks?

Answer 2

Formed when sediments compact and cement into layers from eroded rocks. Can contain fossils. Examples in Northern Ireland are limestone, sandstone and clay.

Question 3

What are metamorphic rocks?

Answer 3

Formed when a rock changes under heat and pressure. Use to be a igneous or sedimentary rock. Examples in Northern Ireland are schist and geneiss.

Question 4

What is cementation?

Answer 4

This is where minerals sticks the grains of a rock together.

Question 5

What is compaction?

Answer 5

It is where sediments are deeply buried, placing them under pressure because of the weight of overlying layers. This squashes the grains together more tightly.

Question 6

What are fossils?

Answer 6

Fossils are the natural preserved remains or traces of plants and animals that are found in rocks. Fossils can be found almost anywhere in the world. Fossils are only in sedimentary rocks.

Question 7

What is a geology map?

Answer 7

A geology map shows the location of different rock types in an area.

Question 8

What are ammonites?

Answer 8

1. Related to squid and octopus.
2. Shell is usually a flat spiral shape.
3. Shell is made up of chambers which help it float.

Question 9

What are trilobites?

Answer 9

1. Relatives of crabs and lived in the sea.
2. Their bodies have 3 main parts- a head, body and tail,
3. They had a hard cover on their back.

Question 10

What are bivalves?

Answer 10

1. Soft bodied animals that have 2 shells known as valves.
2. Their shells are usually mirror images of each other.
3. Oysters and cockles are some of the still existing bivalves.