History vocabulary

Question 1

Centralized government

Answer 1

A centralized government (also centralised government is one in which power or legal authority is exerted or coordinated by a de facto political executive to which federal states, local authorities, and smaller units are considered subject.

Question 2

Decentralized government

Answer 2

In a decentralized government, however, power is dispersed throughout the system. These governments are often made of many small organizations that govern at the local level. Because of their small size, they are more accessible to the citizens, and the people have a direct result on the decision-making process through voting and committees.
Decentralization has its downsides. It is difficult, for example, to pass legislation over a disparate group of people with differing opinions. However, it allows much more transparency than a centralized government, and it works on a system of checks and balances. If one segment of the decentralized government becomes corrupt or ineffective, it is easily ousted,

Question 3

Sovereignty

Answer 3

a person who has supreme power or authority.

the quality or state of being sovereign, or of having supreme power or authority.

Question 4

Separation of powers

Answer 4

an act of vesting the legislative, executive, and judicial powers of government in separate bodies.

Question 5

Checks and balances

Answer 5

counterbalancing influences by which an organization or system is regulated, typically those ensuring that political power is not concentrated in the hands of individuals or groups

Question 6

Veto

Answer 6

a constitutional right to reject a decision or proposal made by a law-making body.

Question 7

Supremacy

Answer 7

the state or condition of being superior to all others in authority, power, or status.

Question 8

Override

Answer 8

use one’s authority to reject or cancel

Question 9

Tariffs

Answer 9

a tax or duty to be paid on a particular class of imports or exports.

Question 10

Elastic Clause

Answer 10

granting Congress the power to pass all laws necessary and proper for carrying out the enumerated list of powers.

Question 11

Republican Motherhood

Answer 11

a 20th-century term for an attitude toward women’s roles present in the emerging United States before, during, and after the American Revolution.

Pre-Revolutionary ministers, particularly in Puritan Massachusetts, preached the moral superiority of men. Enlightened thinkers rejected this and knew that a republic could only succeed if its citizens were virtuous and educated. Who were the primary caretakers of American children? American women. If the republic were to succeed, women must be schooled in virtue so they could teach their children. The first American female academies were founded in the 1790s. This idea of an educated woman became known as “REPUBLICAN MOTHERHOOD.”

Question 12

Depression

Answer 12

the financial and industrial slump of 1929 and subsequent years

Question 13

Federalism

Answer 13

a system of government in which entities such as states or provinces share power with a national government. The United States government functions according to the principles of federalism.

Question 14

Bicameral

Answer 14

having two branches, chambers, or houses, as a legislative body.

House of Representatives and the Senate

Question 15

Electors

Answer 15

Part of the electoral college. They vote

Question 16

Impeachment

Answer 16

The Constitution defines impeachment at the federal level and limits impeachment to “The President, Vice President, and all civil officers of the United States” who may be impeached and removed only for “treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors

a process in which an official is charged with unlawful activity while in office. If convicted in an impeachment trial, it generally leads to their removal from office. Depending on the country, criminal or civil punishment may follow.