History Test- President James Madison and President James Monroe Flashcards
How long was James Madison’s term and what did that mean? What years? What President was he?
James Madison’s term was 2 terms for a total of 8 years and that means he was liked. His term was from 1809-1817. James Madison was the 4th President of the United States of America.
What political party was James Madison? What does he support?
James Madison was a Republican, which means he supported states rights, agriculture, and supported small farmers and middle class.
Where was James Madison from? Where is that considered to be in? What does that mean? What other Presidents were from Virginia? Where was the other President from?
James Madison was from Virginia, which is considered to be in the South. James Madison enslaved people as he was from the South. Some other Presidents that are from Virginia are George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. (John Adams was from Massachusetts.
Who was Madison’s Vice President? Did he know who he was running with, why or why not?
James Madison’s Vice President was George Clinton from NY (same as Jefferson’s second term). Madison knew who he was running with because the 12th Amendment was in place- Thanks to Jefferson.
What documents had Madison written? What is he known to be? Explain: Why Madison is all over the place. . Evidence!! What is one of his quotes?
Madison had written the US Constitution and was known to be the “Father of the Constitution” and wrote the Bill Rights. This proves that James Madison was all over the place because when/a little after writing the Constitution he was a Federalist, but when the Alien and Sedition Act came Madison wanted states to have rights, so he fully became a Republican. The evidence is that he wrote some of the Federalist Papers, but then later became an Anti-Federalist (Republican). If all men were angels, no government would be necessary.
How many enslaved people did Madison have? What was Madison’s idea?
Madison had over 100 enslaved people and the 3/5 Compromise was Madison’s idea.- Impacted H.O.R- by population. (Slaves will be counted as for every five enslaved people three will be counted.)
Who was the Secretary of State? What is that job?
James Monroe (the Next President) is the Secretary of State and his job is to meet with other countries on behalf of the President, limited power, strict instructions from the President.
Who was the Chief Justice? Why?
The Chief Justice was John Marshall because Chief Justices are appointed for life or until they die or retire.
Who were the war hawks and what did they want, why?
The War hawks were Republicans and they wanted to wage war against Great Britain because of GB’s impressments.- Switched (used to be Federalist) Shows people will do what will benefit them- Trading with France
What war continued into Madison’s presidency?
The war between Britain and France continued into Madison’s presidency.
What did France stop that lead us to end ________? However, what country did we not end with?
France stopped impressing US sailors, so we ended the Embargo Act of 1807 (really hurt us) (Jefferson) resumed some trade with France. However, the embargo continued against Great Britain.
What did GB continue to do?
Great Britain continued to impress US sailors to help them fight with France.
Why did Madison want to avoid war with GB? What did Jefferson build?
The Republicans, under Jefferson, had decreased the size of the military, but built West Point, so Madison wanted to avoid war.
What did Great Britain (King George III) encourage the Native Americans in the Northwest Territories to do? What is the Northwest Territories? What was GB after?
Great Britain (King George III) was encouraging Native Americans in the Northwest Territories (Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, and a portion of Minnesota) and the Louisiana Territory to fight the American settlers. (Great Britain was after land)
Who was the Shawnee leader and he was supported by who to do what to the US settlers?
Shawnee leader, Chief Tecumseh, was supported by Great Britain to fight the US settlers.
Who was the Governor of the Indiana Territory?
William Henry Harrison was the Governor of the Indiana Territory.
What was the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811?
In 1811: The Battle of Tippecanoe was when Governor Harrison and 1,000 soldiers attacked the Shawnee tribe and won.
What did Native Americans notice?
The Native Americans saw/noticed their grip on the land slipping away.- Outnumbered and outgunned by the settlers- there land being taken away.
What trail did the settlers follow? How did they get there?
The lots of settlers followed the Oregon Trail, which was out West and was basically Louis and Clarks trail. The settlers followed the Oregon trail by horses and wagons.
What are the 7 major reasons for the breakout of the war? (The War of 1812)
US merchants and farmers were financially hurting from the embargo between the US and Great Britain. (Wanted Embargo to end- Jefferson- Britain had to stop impressments first)
2. Impressments – British were taking US sailors into the British navy to help the British continue their fight with France (Napoleon).
3. The British were blockading American ports cutting off shipping along the Atlantic coast. (Due to the Embargo Act) No goods could enter or leave the US- hurt the merchants)
4. Madison wanted to force the British to respect American water rights.
5. American settlers in the West and South held the British responsible for the attacks by the Native Americans. -True!!
6. Some Americans want to take over the British colony of Canada (never asked Canada if they wanted to be independent- forgot that detail) and Spanish Florida.
7. Make sure Britain is clear that the US is an independent country. Don’t mess with us!
Why is the War of 1812 called the “Second American War of US Independence” and Mr. Madison’s War?
The War of 1812 is called “Second American War of US Independence” because it is the second time we are fighting against GB for independence. The first was against Great Britain was the American Revolution. The War was also known as Mr. Madison’s War because he was President during the war of 1812 and Madison asked Congress to vote to go to war.
Why were the war hawks thrilled? The war hawks were mostly who and why?
The war hawks were thrilled because we are finally going to war (with Great Britain). The War Hawks were mostly Republicans because they felt a strong sense of nationalism (love of country) and wanted to be respected as an independent country. They did not want to be pushed around.
What did the Peace Doves think when it was the declaration of war against Great Britain? Who were the peace doves? What were the Federalist reviews during the XYZ Affair compared to now? What did the Peace Doves feel? EXPLAIN!!
The Peace Doves were Federalists and although the Federalists liked the idea of a strong federal government, they wanted to re-establish trade with Great Britain. - Money, money- biggest trading partner.
Remember, the Federalists (Hamilton) wanted war during the XYZ affair (Adams), but once the Embargo Act was passed and the US economy was negatively impacted, they wanted to end the embargo and peacefully help bring back the economy.
They felt that the Republican goal of war would further hurt the economy.
Was the US ready to go to war?
No, the US was not ready to go to war.
Why did we have a very small navy and army?
We had a very small navy and army because Jefferson, a Republican, had decreased the size of the military to save money.
Who did the government rely on to fight in the War of 1812? Where were they from?
The government relied on volunteers to fight. The majority of the military leaders were from West Point. - Jefferson had planned it.
How much money did Congress vote to give the soldiers? What was this equal to?
Congress voted to give soldiers $124 (about $2,000 today) and 360 acres of land to fight. This was equal to a year’s salary for most workers.
Why did many soldiers refused to march or fight until they received their pay?
Many soldiers (were the sons or grandsons of the men who had fought in the American Revoltution) refused to march or fight until they received their pay (pay ahead of time) because they had heard from their fathers and grandfathers how they had not been paid for the fighting in the American Revolution. - Make sure you get paid!
Britain was still fighting who and how did they react to our declaration of war? What did the British do?
Britain was fighting with France and was surprised by the US declaration of war. The British intensified the blockade of US ports; the US could not export any goods or receive any supplies. -Couldn’t get any supplies.- hurt us!
What colony did America invade and why?
America also invaded Canada, a British colony because the Americans assumed that the Canadians would want to throw off British rule. (Never asked them)
What did the American’s do to Canada? Action and then what happened?
The Americans set fire to the city of Toronto, Canada. (Get British out- BAD IDEA) The Americans had some victories, but eventually, the gained land was returned to the British.
In 1814, the British defeated who? What does that mean for us?
In 1814, The British defeated France. (Now they are going to target us- BAD) The British military and navy now concentrated on the war in America. WAS DANGEROUS FOR US!
