History & Taxonomy Flashcards
What is microbiology?
Observing single cells and how they function.
Who came up with pasteurization?
Louis Pasteur
What are the phenotypic properties that are looked at with bacteria?
- Morphology
- Motility
- Nutrition
Which cells resist the gram stain?
Genus Mycobacterium and Norcardia
What is the purpose of gram staining?
To differentiate thickness of peptidoglycan.
What is coccus?
Circle shaped
What is bacillus?
Rod-shaped
What is spirillum?
Spiral-shaped
What is spirochete?
Coiled shape
What prefix do you add when bacteria is chained?
Strepto-
When it is packaged?
Staphylo-
How large can a prokaryotic cell be?
Up to 750nm
Two ways microorganisms get energy. What are they?
Chemotrophy and phototrophy
How is taxonomy carried out to identify species of bacteria?
Experiments and assessment of characteristics
Are prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes the same size?
No, pro’s are smaller on average.
Who invented the first microscope?
Antony van Leeuwenhoek
Who invented the scientific method?
Francesco Redi
What did Theodor Schwann discover?
Fermentation
Describe the cell theory
Idea that all organisms are made up of one or more cells and vital functions occur in cells.
Who discovered vaccination against smallpox?
Edward Jenner
Difference between Hippocratic and microbiological disease?
Idea that disease is caused by inheritance, area and climate (Hippocratic)
Idea that disease is caused by germs (Microbiological)
What are Koch’s Postulates?
Linking specific microorganism to specific disease.
Who is Paul Ehrlich?
Developed concept of immunology
