History taking ' Flashcards
Steps in history taking
- Introduction
- Patients Information
- Presenting/Chief Complaint (PC)
- History of Presenting Complaint (HPC)
- Past Medical History (PMH)
- Past Dental History (PDH)
- Family History (FH)
- Social History (SH)
- Review of Systems (ROS)
- Provisional Diagnosis( PDX)
- Differential Diagnosis ( DDX)
12 . Treatment plan (Rx Plan) - Investigations
- Definitive Diagnosis(Dx)
Medical conditions “MJTHREADS Ca”
Myocardial infarction
Jaundice
Tuberculosis
Hypertension
Rheumatic fever
Epilepsy
Asthma
Diabetes
Stroke
Cancer (and treatment if so)
PATIENT SMILE FEATURES
(1) the whole of the upper incisors is visible with only the interproximal gingivae visible
(2) the upper incisor edges are parallel to the lower lip – indicating a ‘consonant’ smile arc.
(3) the upper incisors do not touch the lower lip.
(4) the gingival margins of the central incisors and canines should be approximately level, with the lateral incisors lying 1mm incisally.
(5) the buccal corridors are visible, but minimal (The buccal corridor is the space between the angle of the mouth and the buccal surfaces of the most distal visibletooth) and
(6) symmetrical dental arrangement. In this case the only aspect where the smile aesthetics deviate slightly from the normal, is that the upper dental centerline is slightly to the right of the facial midline
Essential diagnostics aids of an orthodontic case
- Case history
- Clinical examination
- Study models
- Certain radiographs
a. Periapical radiographs
b. Lateral radiographs ( Cephalomety)
c. Orthopantomogram ( OPG/ Panorex)
d. Bite wing radiographs. - Facial photographs
Carey’s analysis
If the arch length discrepancy is * 0 to 2.5 mm—Proximal stripping can be carried out to reduce the minimal tooth material excess.
If the arch length discrepancy is * 2.5 to 5 mm—Extraction of 2nd premolar is indicated
If the arch length discrepancy is * Greater than 5 mm—Extraction of first premolar is usually required.
