History study

Question 1

When and where did the black death originate

Answer 1

The black death first originated in China in the early 1330s CE.

Question 2

How did the black death spread

Answer 2

The disease was spread by fleas who would pass the bacteria into the body of anything they bit. At first, the fleas were found on rats, but soon moved to spread the disease to humans.

Question 3

What was the population before and after the black death

Answer 3

The population of England in 1348 was estimated at around 4.5 million. One year later, after the Black Death had arrived, the population had reduced to around 3 million people.

Question 4

What were the symtoms of day 1 of the black death

Answer 4

Painful swellings called buboes appeared in the victims armpits and groin.

Question 5

What were the symtoms of day 2 of the black death

Answer 5

The victim vomited and developed a fever.

Question 6

What were the symtoms of day 3 of the black death

Answer 6

Bleeding under the skin caused dark blotches all over the body.

Question 7

What were the symtoms of day 4 of the black death

Answer 7

The disease attacked the nervous system. This caused the victim to suffer spasms. The victim was in terrible pain.

Question 8

What were the symptoms of day 5 of the black death

Answer 8

Sometimes the buboes would burst and a foul-smelling black liquid oozed from the open boils

Question 9

How did the black death impact daily life

Answer 9

• As a result of the massive population decline, a shortage in labourers arose. This meant that there were significantly more jobs than people.
• Doctors were seen much more frequently throughout towns and villages to help the sick as much as possible.
• Body Collectors became a prominent job as the number of people dying as a result of the Black Death required people to move the deceased away from homes and streets.
• Fear and anxiety were rife throughout the Black Death as many were concerned about contracting the disease, as well as their loved ones.

Question 10

How did the black death impact Population

Question 11

How did the black death impact the Economy

Answer 11

• In the short term, it was difficult to employ people to plough fields, harvest crops, and produce other goods.
• This resulted in a significant decline in the productive output of goods, particularly food.
• Some European rulers attempted to stop wage increases by passing laws that banned peasants from demanding higher wages.
• The value of land also plummeted (by around 50%) as a result of the Black Death due to a smaller population using the same amount of land.
• Monarchs (Kings) received less taxes due to a smaller population of workers.

Question 12

Ways to attack a castle

Answer 12

Fire, Sieges, ladders, Mining, Belfry, Trebuchet and Catapults.

Question 13

How is fire used to attack a castle

Answer 13

Fire was the best way to attack the early Motte and Bailey castles since they were made entirely of wood. As the fire spread through the castle those living inside would be forced to leave allowing the attackers to take them prisoner or kill them.

Question 14

How is a sieges used to attack a castle

Answer 14

Sieges could last for months, usually until the inhabitants of the castle ran out of food and were starving.

Question 15

How is ladders used to attack a castle

Answer 15

Ladders were used by those attacking a castle to climb over the walls and fight the castle inhabitants within the castle walls. However, ladders had the disadvantage of leaving the man climbing the ladder subject to attack

Question 16

How is mining used to attack a castle

Answer 16

Attackers would dig a tunnel underground up to the castle walls (in a stone castle), under the gatehouse if possible. They would then set a charge and make an explosion which would make the walls crumble and collapse.

Question 17

How is a belfry used to attack a castle

Answer 17

The Belfry was a large structure on wheels that could be pushed up to the castle walls. Ladders inside the Belfry allowed attackers to climb to the top undercover.

Question 18

How is Catapults used to attack a castle

Answer 18

Catapults were developed during the Middle Ages to fire stones, fireballs or other objects such as dead sheep, cattle, or plague victims, at the castle walls or into the castle itself.

Question 19

What reminded people of the church’s power

Answer 19

• Churches and cathedrals were the largest buildings in a town.
• They were also located in the centre of a town.
• They had expensive decorations such as stain glass windows and stone sculptures.

Question 20

what is the 3 field system

Answer 20

The three-field system was designed to avoid crop failure and limit the risk of famine There were 3 main fields in a village that the peasants used to grow crops. One field was left fallow (without crops) each year to allow for the soil to recover its fertility. The two other fields would be divided and a variety of crops grown to best use the space available. They varied where they planted each plant so the same nutrients were not being taken from the soil each year.

Question 21

what were the reasons for colonisation

Answer 21

-May have run out of room in their homeland.
- More land will give them more power – more money, better economy.
- Spread the homeland’s ideas e.g. religion.
- The country wants to get rid of their troublemakers.
- To get more resources for their country e.g. spices, minerals, coal, oil, gold.
- Take away the power of their enemies.

Question 22

what does Terra Nullius mean

Answer 22

‘Land belonging to no one’

Question 23

what is a keep

Answer 23

the place of last resort in case of siege or attack.