HISTORY OF WILDLIFE CONSERVATION Flashcards
What was the wildlife situation in the 1600s when the pilgrims arrived?
Wildlife was plentiful and was able to meet the needs of the people.
What led to the exploitation of natural resources in the 1600s?
Needs turned into wants.
By the 1800s, what shift began to occur in society regarding natural resources?
People began to see a need for conservation of natural resources.
What did the Morrill Act of 1862 establish?
Colleges to teach agriculture and conservation.
Who was the Morrill Act named after?
Vermont Congressman Justin Morrill.
What significant national park was formed in 1872?
Yellowstone National Park.
What was the primary purpose of Yellowstone National Park?
To preserve the natural resources of the area.
How large is Yellowstone National Park?
3,472 sq. miles or 2,221,773 sq. acres.
Who became president in 1901 and encouraged protection of natural resources?
Theodore Roosevelt.
What was the Lacey Act of 1900?
Regulates the shipment of illegally killed animals.
What is the National Park Service and when was it established?
A federal agency responsible for the care of national parks, established in 1916.
What did the 1929 Migratory Bird Conservation Act aim to protect?
Migratory birds.
What is required by the 1937 Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act?
People planning on hunting migratory birds must purchase special stamps.
What has the 1937 Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act raised to date?
Over $1 billion.
What does the 1937 Pittman-Robertson Act do?
Raises money through an 11% tax on hunting equipment and ammunition.
What is the Wildlife Refuge System established in 1966?
A system of wildlife refuges across the United States.
What is the purpose of the 1973 Endangered Species Act?
Identifies and manages rare, threatened, and endangered species.
Define ‘threatened’ in the context of wildlife conservation.
Population is in danger of becoming endangered.
Define ‘endangered’ in the context of wildlife conservation.
Population is in danger of becoming extinct.
Who is John James Audubon?
A naturalist who studied birds and published a book about his studies.
What organization was formed in 1905 related to John James Audubon?
The National Audubon Society.
Who was John Muir and what was his contribution to wildlife conservation?
Partly responsible for developing Yellowstone and Sequoia National Parks and started the Sierra Club.
What is Theodore Roosevelt known as in the context of wildlife conservation?
The ‘Father of the Conservation Movement’.
Who was Aldo Leopold?
Applied ecology to wildlife and wrote ‘Game Management’.
What did Gifford Pinchot focus on?
The conservation of forests.
Who is known as the ‘Father of soil conservation’?
Hugh Bennett.
What did Jay Darling design?
The first migratory bird stamp.
What is the key message from Jay Darling’s quote?
Land, water, and vegetation are dependent on one another.
