History of Transport Flashcards
When was the first safety bike made?
1885 by John Kemp Starley
Why was the first safety bike called the bone Shaker?
When the wooden wheels rode on cobblestones it gave a very bumpy ride.
What did the back wheel of the penny farthing represent?
A farthing coin
What did the Persians use to send messages?
Homing pigeons
Why did they use camels to cross the desert?
Strong and could last long without food and water
What kind of animal did they ride in Asia?
Elephant
When was the wheel invented?
3500 BC
Who invented the first petrol-engine car?
Karl Benz in 1885
Where did the British ‘tall ship’ get its name from?
It had a big mast with lots of sails.
What propelled wooden boats?
Oars and human muscles
Who invented the airplane?
Wright brothers
What was the first aero plane called?
The Flyer
When was the wheel invented?
5000 years ago
Where was the wheel invented?
Sumer (Iraq)
Who invented the first locomotive train? What was it called?
George Stephenson in 1829 - called the rocket
What are names of the Arab, Chinese, Portuguese and British ships?
Dhow, junk, caravel, tall ships
When was the first hot air balloon ride?
1783
Who designed the first hot air balloon?
Jacques and Joseph Montgolfier
How was the first bicycle propelled?
The rider pushed it along.
What was the name of the first cycle with a front wheel that could be steered.
Who developed it?
Dandy Horse by von Drais
Who developed the first pedal-driven two-wheeled bicycle?
Kirkpatrick MacMillan
What was the name of the first French bicycle with wooden pedals?
The Velocipede, or bone shaker
When was the velocipede developed?
1865
What was the name of the English bicycle with a large front wheel and a small back wheel? When was it developed?
The Penny Farthing, 1870
What was the name of the first ‘safety’ bicycle developed in England, and who developed it?
The Rover, by John Kemp Starley in 1885
Describe the first bicycle.
No pedals, had to be pushed along by the rider’s feet on the ground.
How did the Penny Farthing get its name?
The big front wheel resembled a penny, and the small back wheel resembled a farthing.
When was the first ‘safety’ bicycle invented?
1885
What improvement was made to the safety bike in 1898?
Pneumatic tyres
What kind of bird has been used to carry messages?
The Homing Pigeon
How does a homing pigeon carry a message?
A small tube tied to the pigeon’ s back or leg
What is a mule?
A cross between a female horse and a male donkey
What was the first type of road transport?
Horse, oxen, donkeys and mules
Where were donkeys first domesticated?
The Sahara Desert
Who first used mules?
The ancient Greeks and Romans
What was first demonstrated in South Africa to Paul Kruger on 4 January 1897?
The motor car
What were some of the advertised advantages of the motor car?
No more horse sickness No more expensive horse food No broken harnesses No lazy grooms No runaway horses The motor car didn't need looking after in the street
What revolution required large amounts of materials to be transported over long distances to factories?
The Industrial Revolution
What powered the earliest cars?
Steam
Who built the first petroleum powered car in 1885?
Karl Benz
Who invented the first bus?
Gottfried Daimler
Name some advantages of the motor car.
Faster travelling
More employment
Cheaper than horses
Name some negative effects of the motor car.
Pollution
Accidents
Less exercise
How is a river steamer propelled?
A steam engine drives a paddle which pushes the boat up and down the river.
Name the three types of modern ship used to transport goods.
Container ships, oil tankers, and cargo ships
What do we call ships that transport people?
Cruise liners
What do we call a flat water-borne vessel made of logs or planks?
A raft
How are rafts powered?
Oars and human muscle
What kind of vessel did people make by chopping out the inside of logs?
Canoes
What do we call a vessel made from grasses?
A reed boat
One of the first sailing boats looks like a canoe with a sail. What do we call this kind of boat?
A dhow
What were the first Chinese sailing ships called?
Junks
What did the Portuguese call their earliest sailing ships?
Caravels
What did the British call the first big sailing ships they designed?
Tall ships
How did big ships change people’s lives?
They were able to travel and trade with other countries.
When was the first human flight in a hot air balloon?
1783
Who designed the balloon used for the first human flight?
Joseph and Jacques Montgolfier
What animals flew in the Montgolfier balloon before humans?
A chicken, a duck and a sheep
How was the first airship driven?
By steam engine
Who flew his airship 27 km in 1852?
Henri Giffard
What was the most famous airship called?
The Zeppelin
When did the first aeroplane flight happen?
1903
What was the name of the first aeroplane, and who developed it?
The Flyer, by Orville and Wilbur Wright
How was the flyer propelled?
Petrol engine
How far did the Wrights’ Flyer fly and for how long?
36.6m in 12 seconds
Which two wars resulted in great improvements in aviation?
World Wars 1 and 2
When were aeroplanes first powered by jet engines?
1941
What were oxen used for?
Oxen were normally used in pairs to plough, transport, pull heavy loads, pull wagons
Who built the Model T Ford and when?
Henry Ford in 1908
