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History Grade 4 Team > History of Transport > Flashcards

History of Transport Flashcards

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1
Q

When was the first safety bike made?

A

1885 by John Kemp Starley

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2
Q

Why was the first safety bike called the bone Shaker?

A

When the wooden wheels rode on cobblestones it gave a very bumpy ride.

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3
Q

What did the back wheel of the penny farthing represent?

A

A farthing coin

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4
Q

What did the Persians use to send messages?

A

Homing pigeons

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5
Q

Why did they use camels to cross the desert?

A

Strong and could last long without food and water

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6
Q

What kind of animal did they ride in Asia?

A

Elephant

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7
Q

When was the wheel invented?

A

3500 BC

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8
Q

Who invented the first petrol-engine car?

A

Karl Benz in 1885

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9
Q

Where did the British ‘tall ship’ get its name from?

A

It had a big mast with lots of sails.

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10
Q

What propelled wooden boats?

A

Oars and human muscles

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11
Q

Who invented the airplane?

A

Wright brothers

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12
Q

What was the first aero plane called?

A

The Flyer

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13
Q

When was the wheel invented?

A

5000 years ago

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14
Q

Where was the wheel invented?

A

Sumer (Iraq)

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15
Q

Who invented the first locomotive train? What was it called?

A

George Stephenson in 1829 - called the rocket

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16
Q

What are names of the Arab, Chinese, Portuguese and British ships?

A

Dhow, junk, caravel, tall ships

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17
Q

When was the first hot air balloon ride?

A

1783

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18
Q

Who designed the first hot air balloon?

A

Jacques and Joseph Montgolfier

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19
Q

How was the first bicycle propelled?

A

The rider pushed it along.

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20
Q

What was the name of the first cycle with a front wheel that could be steered.
Who developed it?

A

Dandy Horse by von Drais

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21
Q

Who developed the first pedal-driven two-wheeled bicycle?

A

Kirkpatrick MacMillan

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22
Q

What was the name of the first French bicycle with wooden pedals?

A

The Velocipede, or bone shaker

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23
Q

When was the velocipede developed?

A

1865

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24
Q

What was the name of the English bicycle with a large front wheel and a small back wheel? When was it developed?

A

The Penny Farthing, 1870

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25
Q

What was the name of the first ‘safety’ bicycle developed in England, and who developed it?

A

The Rover, by John Kemp Starley in 1885

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26
Q

Describe the first bicycle.

A

No pedals, had to be pushed along by the rider’s feet on the ground.

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27
Q

How did the Penny Farthing get its name?

A

The big front wheel resembled a penny, and the small back wheel resembled a farthing.

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28
Q

When was the first ‘safety’ bicycle invented?

A

1885

29
Q

What improvement was made to the safety bike in 1898?

A

Pneumatic tyres

30
Q

What kind of bird has been used to carry messages?

A

The Homing Pigeon

31
Q

How does a homing pigeon carry a message?

A

A small tube tied to the pigeon’ s back or leg

32
Q

What is a mule?

A

A cross between a female horse and a male donkey

33
Q

What was the first type of road transport?

A

Horse, oxen, donkeys and mules

34
Q

Where were donkeys first domesticated?

A

The Sahara Desert

35
Q

Who first used mules?

A

The ancient Greeks and Romans

36
Q

What was first demonstrated in South Africa to Paul Kruger on 4 January 1897?

A

The motor car

37
Q

What were some of the advertised advantages of the motor car?

A 
No more horse sickness
No more expensive horse food
No broken harnesses
No lazy grooms
No runaway horses
The motor car didn't need looking after in the street
38
Q

What revolution required large amounts of materials to be transported over long distances to factories?

A

The Industrial Revolution

39
Q

What powered the earliest cars?

A

Steam

40
Q

Who built the first petroleum powered car in 1885?

A

Karl Benz

41
Q

Who invented the first bus?

A

Gottfried Daimler

42
Q

Name some advantages of the motor car.

A

Faster travelling
More employment
Cheaper than horses

43
Q

Name some negative effects of the motor car.

A

Pollution
Accidents
Less exercise

44
Q

How is a river steamer propelled?

A

A steam engine drives a paddle which pushes the boat up and down the river.

45
Q

Name the three types of modern ship used to transport goods.

A

Container ships, oil tankers, and cargo ships

46
Q

What do we call ships that transport people?

A

Cruise liners

47
Q

What do we call a flat water-borne vessel made of logs or planks?

A

A raft

48
Q

How are rafts powered?

A

Oars and human muscle

49
Q

What kind of vessel did people make by chopping out the inside of logs?

A

Canoes

50
Q

What do we call a vessel made from grasses?

A

A reed boat

51
Q

One of the first sailing boats looks like a canoe with a sail. What do we call this kind of boat?

A

A dhow

52
Q

What were the first Chinese sailing ships called?

A

Junks

53
Q

What did the Portuguese call their earliest sailing ships?

A

Caravels

54
Q

What did the British call the first big sailing ships they designed?

A

Tall ships

55
Q

How did big ships change people’s lives?

A

They were able to travel and trade with other countries.

56
Q

When was the first human flight in a hot air balloon?

A

1783

57
Q

Who designed the balloon used for the first human flight?

A

Joseph and Jacques Montgolfier

58
Q

What animals flew in the Montgolfier balloon before humans?

A

A chicken, a duck and a sheep

59
Q

How was the first airship driven?

A

By steam engine

60
Q

Who flew his airship 27 km in 1852?

A

Henri Giffard

61
Q

What was the most famous airship called?

A

The Zeppelin

62
Q

When did the first aeroplane flight happen?

A

1903

63
Q

What was the name of the first aeroplane, and who developed it?

A

The Flyer, by Orville and Wilbur Wright

64
Q

How was the flyer propelled?

A

Petrol engine

65
Q

How far did the Wrights’ Flyer fly and for how long?

A

36.6m in 12 seconds

66
Q

Which two wars resulted in great improvements in aviation?

A

World Wars 1 and 2

67
Q

When were aeroplanes first powered by jet engines?

A

1941

68
Q

What were oxen used for?

A

Oxen were normally used in pairs to plough, transport, pull heavy loads, pull wagons

69
Q

Who built the Model T Ford and when?

A

Henry Ford in 1908

History Grade 4 Team (5 decks)

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