History of the Physical Therapy Profession Flashcards
In the 1800s in Europe there was gradual improvement in what?
Medical science and surgical techniques
In 1800s Europe where was the focus for health?
Physical education and gymnastics
What were the two major events in the early 1900s?
- Polio Epidemic
- World War 1 (1914 - 1918)
What event caused thousands to suffer from paralysis?
Polio Epidemic
What event caused thousands to return home with significant injuries?
World War 1 (1914 - 1918)
What kind of disease is polio?
Contagious viral illness
What do severe forms of polio cause?
Nerve injuries that can lead to paralysis and death
When was the last case of polio?
Last natural occurring case was in 1979 per the Mayo clinic
Is polio still present?
Yes - but it is limited due to the vaccine that was created
What are several disabling symptoms caused by polio?
- Progressive muscle/ joint weakness
- Atrophy
- Breathing/ Swallowing problems
- Decreased tolerance to the cold
During WW1 where did physicians go to help?
England and France
Who was the first US physical therapist?
Mary McMillan
What event caused the creation of “reconstruction aides”?
WW1
Where were reconstruction aides trained?
England
Who did reconstruction aides work with after the war?
Polio survivors
When and where was the first meeting of the American Women’s Physical Therapeutic Association?
- January 15, 1921
- Keen’s Chop House, New York City, NY
Who was the first meeting of the American Women’s Physical Therapeutic Association suggested by?
A military MD
Who was the first president of the American Women’s Physical Therapeutic Association?
Mary McMillan
When do you begin to see licensing of PT’s?
As early as the 1920s
When do bachelors degrees programs begin?
In the 1920s
Who did PTs work with to help accredit programs?
The AMA
What does a PT license legally define?
Scope of practice
T/F: Practice acts vary from state to state.
True
After WW2 (In 1947) the American Women’s Physical Therapeutic Association got a new name, what was it?
American Physical Therapy Association
T/F: There were dramatic improvement in medical science which lead to life spans starting to increase after WW2.
True
When do we begin to push away from the American Medical Association?
1970s and 1980s
How do we begin to push away from the AMA?
- Develop our own accrediting body
- Push for direct access
What is direct access?
Allows physical therapist to see patients without a referral (state specific)
When did research start expanding?
1970s and 1980s
What is vision 2020?
- Doctor of Physical Therapy programs (DPT) - required by end of year 2020
- Autonomous practitioners
- Direct access
- Evidence based practice
- Continuing education
- Fellowships/ Residencies
When was vision 2020 developed?
In the late 1990s
What are ethics?
System of moral principles that helps determine if options are right or wrong
Who are owed ethical behavior in healthcare?
Everyone
Are ethical decisions always straight forward?
No
Legal and illegal decisions are based on what?
The law
Ethical and unethical decisions are based on what?
Conscious of right and wrong
What is an example of something that is legal and ethical?
Paying back a debt
What is an example of something that is illegal and unethical?
Not paying back a debt
What is an example of something that is illegal and ethical?
Shoplifting to feed a starving child
What is an example of something legal and unethical?
Large corporation paying several millions to a fired CEO instead of providing employees with benefits
What are ethics?
- System of moral principles
- Helps determine if options are right or wrong
What are values?
Helps define priorities in life
What are APTAs core values? (there are 7)
- Accountability
- Altruism
- Compassion and Caring
- Professional Duty
- Excellence
- Integrity
- Social Responsibility
What is accountability?
Accepting responsibility for actions as a PT
What is altruism?
Placing the needs of the patient ahead of the needs of the PT
What is collaboration?
Working together with all stakeholders to achieve shared goals
What is compassion and caring?
- Attempting to understand something from another’s experience
- Empathy for the needs and values of another
What is duty?
Commitment to meeting obligations to provide effective PT
What is excellence?
- Use of contemporary knowledge while acknowledging limits
- Continued development of knowledge
What is inclusion?
Creation of a welcoming and equitable environment for all
What is integrity?
High ethical standards, being truthful, following through on commitments
What is social responsibility?
Promotion of profession with the larger public for need of health and wellness
