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EARTH Sci > History of the earth > Flashcards

History of the earth Flashcards

1
Q

What is/are the use/s of this layering to the geologists?

A

they compare the rocks so they can have the idea of what event has occurred back then.

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2
Q

Principle of Uniformitarism

A

the idea that Earth has always changed in uniform ways and that the present is the key to the past.

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3
Q

Stratified Rocks

A
  • are sedimentary rocks and these are layered rocks due to deposition
  • may be formed by erosion
  • stratification process
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4
Q

2 ways to identify stratified rocks

A

Absolute Dating
Relative Dating

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5
Q

determines the exact numerical age of a historical remaining

A

Absolute Dating

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6
Q

uses words like “older” or “younger” instead of numerical values

use to determine the age of rock by comparison

less advance technique

A

Relative Dating

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7
Q

Principles

A
  • Principle of Superposition
  • Principle of Original Horizontally
  • Principle of Lateral Continuity
  • Inclusions
  • Principle of Cross-Cutting Relationship
  • Principle of Faunal Succession
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8
Q

The principle that describes the youngest is on top; oldest is at the bottom

A

Principle of superposition

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9
Q

The principle that describes the sedimentary rocks are originally form in horizontal patterns

one layer after the other

A

Principle of original horizontally

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10
Q

the principle that describes all rock layers are laterally continuous and may be broken up or displaced by later events. what may have caused this?

A
  • Principle of Lateral Continuity
  • Partition
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11
Q

the principle that describes any material that becomes trapped within a rock or mineral during its formation

A

Inclusions

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12
Q

the principle that describes the geologic feature which cuts another is the youngest of the two feature.

A

Principle of Cross-Cutting Relationship

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13
Q

remains of species through time in a definite order and recognizable order

A

Principle of Faunal Succession

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14
Q

TYPES OF ABSOLUTE DATING

A

Radiometric Dating
Amino Acid Dating
Dendrochronology
Thermoluminescence

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15
Q

The type of absolute dating that determines the age of the sample by measuring the amount of a particular radioactive isotope present in the sample. The age can be determined by the rate of decay of that isotope.

A

Radiometric Dating

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16
Q

The type of absolute dating that determines The change in the protein content of a biological sample can be used to determine the age

A

Amino Acid Dating

17
Q

It is a type of absolute dating that The number of annual growth rings of a dicot is used in this technique to determine the age of the tree.

A

Dendrochronology

18
Q

It is a type of absolute dating This technique determines the final period during which the object absorbs light, emitting electrons. The age is determined for the emissions

A

thermoluminescence

19
Q

the phenomenon of the spontaneous disintegration of unstable atomic nuclei to atomic nuclei to form more energetically stable atomic nuclei.

A

Radioactivity

20
Q

the emission of energy in the form of ionizing radiation

Parent Isotopes
unstable radioactive isotopes

Daughter Isotopes
stable isotope produced by the radioactive decay of the parent isotope

A

Radioactive Decay

21
Q

study the amounts of parent and daughter isotopes to date samples

A

Radioactive Dating

22
Q

Radiometric Dating Methods

A

Radiocarbon Dating
Uranium-Lead Dating
Potassium-Argon Dating
Rubidium-Strontium Dating

23
Q

A radiometric dating method used for dating wood, bones, shells, and other organic remains; C-14 has a half-life of 5,730 years

A

Radiocarbon Dating

24
Q

A radiometric dating method used to determine the age of igneous rocks that are between 100 million years and a few billion years old

A

Uranium-Lead Dating

25
Q

A radiometric dating method used to date igneous volcanic rocks that are 100,000 years to billions of years old

A

Potassium-Argon Dating

26
Q

A radiometric dating method used with rocks which older than 10 million years.

A

Rubidium-Strontium Dating

27
Q

time needed for half of a sample of a radioactive element to undergo radioactive decay and form daughter isotopes.

A

Half-life

EARTH Sci (4 decks)

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