History of Occupational Therapy Flashcards
Where was occupation first referenced to be used for healing?
Egypt
How did the age of industrial revolution contribute to occupational therapy?
global migration and the settlement house movement (a birthplace of many ideas influencing OT)
When did perspective w/ regards to people w/ mental illness start to change?
moral treatment era
What was the rationale of the “moral treatment”?
the insane were creatures of reason and therefore must be treated with compassion
When did the emergence of humanitarian treatment grow? (hint: movement)
Moral Treatment Movement
Who is the French psychiatrist regarded as a pioneer of a humanitarian treatment of the insane? (hint: used occupation to divert patient’s mind away from emotional disturbances )
Philippe Pineal
Who is the founder of “York Retreat”?
William Tuke
Who is the father of moral treatment movement?
William Tuke
Who popularized moral treatment + focused on the morale of the sickness
Samuel Tuke
Who is the father of American Psychiatry?
Benjamin Rush
Who was the 1st physician and American to institute moral treatment in the US?
Benjamin Rush
Who was Thomas Scattergood and Thomas Eddy?
adapted occupation and non-constraint in respective asylums
Why did the settlement house movement grow?
grew in response to overcrowding, impoverishment, corruption, and diseases caused by rapid industrialization
What was the main progressive movements during WW1?
- improved working conditions
- advance women’s rights
- improve medicine and psychiatry
What movement led to the early formation of a formal occupational therapy professional society?
Arts & Crafts Movement
Who coined the term “work cure” and a major proponent of the arts & craft movement?
Herbert James Hall
What is “work cure”?
suitable manual work will have a normalizing effect on the patient
Who co-founded the Hull House?
Jane Addams
What concepts were introduced at the Hull House which later influences the development of OT?
create opportunity, participation, and dignity for poor people
Who was the first OT?
Susan Tracy (nurse)
Who wrote the first OT Book (studies of ?
Susan Tracy
Who created the first conceptual model of OT?
Adolf Mayer
When and where was the first organizing meeting of the society for the promotion of occupational therapy
March 15, 1917; Consolation House Clifton Springs, New York
When did NSPOT become AOTA?
1923
Who coined the term “occupational therapy” and the first president of NSPOT?
George Edward Barton
Who is the father of occupational therapy?
William Rush-Dunton Jr.
What book did William Rush Dunton Jr. write?
Occupational Therapy: A manual for Nurses (1915)
Who is the mother of occupational therapy?-
Eleanor Clarke Slagle
Who advocated for higher educational standards and for educating fewer but more competent OTs over quantity? (hint: stayed in the Philippines)
Susan Cox Johnson
During WW2 the focus of occupational therapy shifted from the use of arts and crafts towards what?
rehabilitation techniques based on science
Who edited the first occupational therapy textbook?
Hellen Willard & Clare Spackman
When and where was the World Federation of Occupational Therapists established?
June 15, 1951; England
Who were the founding members of WFOT?
- Canada
- USA
- Great Britain
- Denmark
- Swede
- Israel
- South Africa
- India
- Australia
- New Zealand
What were the 3 main changes during the 1960s and 1980s?
- growing ranks among OTs
- Intro of OT assistants
- Increased educational programs
When was the American Occupational Therapy Foundation (AOTF) established?
1965
Why was the AOTF established?
to advance the science of the field and improve public recognition
During the 1960s-1980s, there became a heavier influence from medicine. T/F?
T
What are the 2 notable accomplishments of the AOTF during the 1980s-1990s?
- professional journal of occupational therapy journal of research
- creation of the academy of research
Who created the first occupational science PhD program? Where?
Elizabeth Yerxa at the University of Southern California
When was concern for the disabled in the Philippines began?
1917 when the government adopted the Revised Administrative Code
When was the law about providing care and custody of disabled children in the Philippines pass?
1923
Who are Mary K. Berteling and Elizabeth M. Nachod?
- established amputation center and prosthetic shop in PH
- Formed 9940th Technical Service Unit (Philippine Amputation Prosthetic Unit)
Who headed the National Orthopedic Hospital (NOH) including a Brace Shop?
Francisco Roman & Dr. Jose Delos Santos
What are the 2 changes in 1945 PH?
PCAU 1> Mandaluyong Emergency Hospital > National Orthopedic Hospital
Who founded the OT department at PCAU 1?
Conchita Abad & Gilceria Andaya
The “formative decades” in OT happened when?
1950s and 1960s
Conchita Abad was granted a fellowship to study OT where?
University of Pennsylvania in 1948
Who is Charlotte Floro?
First Filipino to receive a degree and be certified in OT
Who recommended the establishment of a school for rehabilitation professions in the Philippines?
Dr. Benjamin Tamesis
The proposal of Dr. Benjamin Tamesis eventually led to what establishment?
The School for Allied Medical Professions (SAMP > CAMP)
Who were the first OT students of SAMP?
- Evanina Estrada
- Corazon Tablan
When was the Occupational Therapy Association of the Philippines (OTAP) found?
1965
What are the objectives of OTAP?
- promote and advance OT practice in PH
- Enforce Code of Ethics and Standard of Practice among its members
- Acts as a consultative body in all matters pertaining to the profession
- Cooperate with government and other health orgs on issues pertain***
What are the important things that happened on June 21, 1969?
- RA 5680 (OT-PT LAW) was created
When and who are the first OT PRC appointed board examiners?
1972; Fe-Isaac Sano and Conchita Abad
Who is Teresita Mendoza?
headed OT and PT programs at the UP Comprehensive Community Health in Laguna
What paved the way for the establishment of clinical models for drug rehab programs?
Dangerous Drug Act and formation of Dangerous Drug Board (early 1970s)
What is “push therapy”?
form of treatment given at the National Center for Mental Health
When did the “Brain Drain Phenomenon” occur?
Mid-1980s to1990s
What factors contributed to the “brain drain phenomenon”?
- American Occupational Therapy Certification Board offered certifications to PH OTs (early 1990s)
- Unstable political and economic environment
By the early 1990s the number of OT schools jumped from 2 to _____.
10
When did SAMP renamed as CAMP?
1990s
What is the RA 11241?
Philippine Occupational Therapy Law of 2018: Everyone needs to undergo a licensure examination to be administered by the Board
