History of Now 2

Question 1

Saddam Hussein

Answer 1

President of Iraq from 16 July 1979 until 9 April 2003.

Question 2

Axis of Evil

Answer 2

G.W. Bush called Iraq, Iran, and North Korea this during the invasion post-911.

Question 3

The Enabling Act

Answer 3

The Enabling Act of 1933, formally titled Gesetz zur Behebung der Not von Volk und Reich, was an amendment to the Weimar Constitution that gave the German Cabinet — in effect, Chancellor Adolf Hitler — the power to enact laws without the involvement of the Reichstag.

Question 4

Night of the long knives

Answer 4

A purge that took place in Nazi Germany from June 30 to July 2, 1934, when Adolf Hitler, urged on by Hermann Göring and Heinrich Himmler, carried out a series of political extrajudicial executions intended to consolidate his hold on power in Germany

Question 5

The Hitler Youth

Answer 5

The youth organisation of the Nazi Party in Germany. The members of the Hitler Youth were viewed as ensuring the future of Nazi Germany and were indoctrinated in Nazi ideology, including racism.

Question 6

Cause of refugees

Answer 6

Partially the political fallouts spurred by the US

Question 7

Two muslim faiths that fight eachother

Answer 7

Sunni (what Saddam Hussein was) and Shia

Question 8

James Foley

Answer 8

James Wright Foley (October 18, 1973 – c. August 19, 2014) was an American journalist and video reporter. While working as a freelance war correspondent during the Syrian Civil War, he was abducted on November 22, 2012, in northwestern Syria. He was beheaded in August 2014 purportedly as a response to American airstrikes in Iraq, thus becoming the first American citizen killed by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL).

Question 9

How did George Washington respond to the French Revolution while president?

Answer 9

He kept US neutral (the revolution involved pitting the French against the English) and urged the US to remain neutral when possible.

Question 10

Barbary Wars

Answer 10

Series of conflicts against the US and pirates disrupting trade in the early 1800s.

Question 11

Monroe Doctrine

Answer 11

A United States policy of opposing European colonialism in the Americas beginning in 1823. Along with telling the brits to stop plotting to re-colonize latin America, the doctrine asserted that the New World and the Old World were to remain distinctly separate spheres of influence, for they were composed of entirely separate and independent nations.

Question 12

The event that triggered USA breaking with the Monroe Doctrine.

Answer 12

WW1 (1914 - 1919).

Question 13

Woodrow Wilson’s foreign policy

Answer 13

Altruism. Among other points, “Wilsonianism” advocated the spreading of democracy, the opening of global markets, the creation of an international organization dedicated to keeping peace, and an active global role for the United States. “The world must be safe for democracy!”

Question 14

WW2

Answer 14

(1939 - 1945) - drug America back into foreign affairs.

Question 15

Auschwitz

Answer 15

Major German concentration camp.

Question 16

When did US start getting tied to oil in the east?

Answer 16

Post WW1 around WW2.

Question 17

Turks

Answer 17

Nomadic tribesmen from central Asia.

Question 18

Holy Land

Answer 18

Israel and the surrounding land today.

Question 19

What led to the Crusades?

Answer 19

Turks gained power over the Arabs in the Middle East, notably in the Holy Land and what is now Turkey. They were much more brutal towards Christianity than the Arabs had been. This threatened the Byzantine empire.

Question 20

When did the Crusades take place? Who?

Answer 20

1095 to 1291 between the European Christendom and the Islamic world.

Question 21

Judaism vs Christianity vs Islam

Answer 21

Judaism is the root. Christians believe Christ is the messiah foretold in the Old Testament. Muslims think Muhammad is a prophet, not Jesus (though they think JC was special).

Question 22

When did the caliphates loose steam?

Answer 22

1683 when the Turks (ruling the Ottoman Empire), pushed up into Europe to attack Vienna, the capital of Austria.

Question 23

Mogul

Answer 23

India’s Muslim overlords c. 1600s,

Question 24

Cosmopolitan

Answer 24

Including people of many different countries

Question 25

Suez Canal

Answer 25

A sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez.

Question 26

Theocracy

Answer 26

Form of government where priests rule (through God of course).

Question 27

What event created a major blow to the Ottoman Empire?

Answer 27

WW1.

Question 28

How did the modern borders of the Middle east come about?

Answer 28

Europeans, post WW1, drew them up - not the countries (since they were part of the defeated Ottoman Empire). This make the borders completely artificial - unlike other boarders, they don’t represent nations.

Question 29

League of nations

Answer 29

The League of Nations, 1920. The League of Nations was an international organization, headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, created after the First World War to provide a forum for resolving international disputes.

Question 30

Zionism

Answer 30

The national movement of the Jewish people that supports the re-establishment of a Jewish homeland in the territory defined as the historic Land of Israel (roughly corresponding to Palestine, `Canaan, or the Holy Land).

Question 31

Balfour Declaration

Answer 31

The Balfour Declaration was a public statement issued by the British government in 1917 during World War I announcing support for the establishment of a “national home for the Jewish people” in Palestine, then an Ottoman region with a small minority Jewish population.

Question 32

British Mandate for Palestine

Answer 32

a “Class A” League of Nations mandate for the territories of Palestine, in which the Balfour Declaration’s “national home for the Jewish people” was to be established (valid 29 September 1923 – 15 May 1948).

Question 33

Jewish dispora

Answer 33

The dispersion of Jews from the holy land starting around 500 BC.

Question 34

Events around the founding of Israel

Answer 34

In 1948, after the British Mandate for Palestine expired, the modern state of Israel was established.

Question 35

Ratio of muslims to non-muslims in Israel

Answer 35

1:5!

Question 36

Shah

Answer 36

Name given to top officials (kings, emperors, etc) in Iran.

Question 37

Ayatollah Khomeini

Answer 37

An Iranian politician. He was the founder of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the leader of the 1979 Iranian Revolution that saw the overthrow of the last Shah of Iran (who was pro-American).

Question 38

When did Islamism take over nationalism?

Answer 38

1979 when Khomeini lead the revolt against the current Shah to establish an Islamic Theocracy. This was partially triggered by America pressuring the Egyptian president to sign a peace treaty with Israel which took the wind out of the idea that Islamic nationalism could work.

Question 39

Iran hostage crisis

Answer 39

Fifty-two American diplomats and citizens were held hostage for 444 days from November 4, 1979, to January 20, 1981, in the capital of Iran, Tehran, by a group of Jihad terrorists following the fall of the Shan. This helped show the power of terrorism.

Question 40

Great satan and little satan

Answer 40

Islamism’s (primarily Islamic Republic of Iran) way of referring to USA and Israel.

Question 41

What is islamism?

Answer 41

Islamism is the political struggle of Islam against modernity, which means against the subordinacy of Islamic civilization to the West

Question 42

Iranian revolution

Answer 42

The 1979 event.