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ENSU 2200 Outdoor Pursuits > History of National Parks in Canada > Flashcards

History of National Parks in Canada Flashcards

1
Q

Who was Henry David Thoreau?

A

He was an American poet, philosopher, and A CONTRIBUTOR to transcendentalism in the early 1800s

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2
Q

What was Thoreau’s famous quotation?

A

In Wilderness is preservation of the world - where wilderness stands for biodiverse and healthy ecosystems in the wild

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3
Q

What is sometimes referred to as the dual mandate of protected areas?

A

Preserving and restoring ecological integrity

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4
Q

What is Nature Deficit Disorder?

A

is a term used to describe what happens when people disconnect from their natural surroundings.

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5
Q

What are the causes of Nature-Deficit Disorder? (3)

A
  • Parental fears
  • Restricted access to natural areas
  • Increasing consumption of electronic media
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6
Q

What are the COSTS of Nature Deficit Disorder?(4)

A
  • Attention and mood disorders
  • Lower grades
  • Obesity
  • Limited respect for the environment
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7
Q

What can we do to mitigate Nature Deficit Disorder? (3)

A
  • GO WILD!!
  • Ignite children’s interests in the outdoors
  • Encourage nature exploration
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8
Q

Define interpretation

A

Interpretation seeks to reveal meanings BASED on information to INCREASE visitors’ knowledge AND deepen their understanding.

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9
Q

Interpretation is equal to information delivery (TRUE/FALSE)

A

FALSE, Interpretation is equal to provocation

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10
Q

An effective interpretation should fill visitors with a greater sense of ___________ and __________.

A

Wonder and curiosity

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11
Q

What does provocation foster? (3)

A
  • APPRECIATION for the protected areas being interpreted
  • RESPECT for the protected areas being interpreted
  • A SENSE OF RESPONSIBILITY for the protected areas being interpreted
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12
Q

What emphasizes first-hand experience with nature, provides an informal form of education, and deals with a voluntary (non-captive) audience? Define it.

A

Interpretive services (IS) are designed to expand knowledge, shift attitude, and alter behavior of visitors.

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13
Q

Managers use interpretation to: (4)

A
  • Reduce negative visitor impacts
  • Minimise destructive behavior
  • Decrease enforcement problems
  • Guide visitors toward designated and selected locations
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14
Q

What is attitude?

A

attitude is AN EVALUATION which is usually based in memory of an object or entity

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15
Q

How does knowing and understanding attitudes help us? 2

A
  • knowing it can help us predict and influence human behavior
  • understanding it can help us understand relationships with aspects we cannot easily assign value to.
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16
Q

Intention comprises of three types of beliefs: name and describe

A
  • Behavior beliefs; attitude/ evaluation regarding the consequences of their behavior (eg. peer pressure)
  • Normative beliefs; Perceived social support for the behavior and their motivation to comply
  • Control beliefs; perceived ability and difficulty of undertaking the behavior
17
Q

What are the 3 variables that must be changed to change behavior?

A
  • Evaluation of consequences of the action
  • Perceived social support for the action
  • perceived ability to undertake the action
18
Q

Leave no trace seven principles

A 
Plan ahead and prepare
travel and camp on durable surfaces
Dispose of waste properly
Leave what you find
Minimize campfire impacts
Respect wildlife
be considerate to other visitors
19
Q

Theoretical foundatiions of interpretation is based on 2 things

A

Theories of reasoned action and planned behavior

persuasion research

20
Q

The Elaboration Likelihood Model has 2 routes of processing information

A

Central route; hear an interpretive message and evaluate its merits
peripheral route; evaluation based on credibility of the source or packaging of the messages

21
Q

Interpretation is a ______ and an ______

A

Science and art

22
Q

can we significantly affect or change behavior or attitude after engaging in a short one time interpretive activity?

A

Highly unlikely.. need more engaging activities

22
Q

can we significantly affect or change behavior or attitude after engaging in a short one time interpretive activity?

A

Highly unlikely.. need more engaging activities

23
Q

What are the 4 categories of research assessing effectiveness and how do they rank interpretation?

A

Knowledge gain; significant increase in short term memory
behavioral change; Unimpressive
Redistributing visitors; Interpretation is good at this!
Changes in resource conditions; interpretation is good at this too.(eg. littering)

24
Q

Challenges of the future (3)

A
  • Nature deficit disorder
  • outdoor experiences during youth
  • Importance of public support for park establishment-

ENSU 2200 Outdoor Pursuits (5 decks)

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