History of National Parks in Canada Flashcards
Who was Henry David Thoreau?
He was an American poet, philosopher, and A CONTRIBUTOR to transcendentalism in the early 1800s
What was Thoreau’s famous quotation?
In Wilderness is preservation of the world - where wilderness stands for biodiverse and healthy ecosystems in the wild
What is sometimes referred to as the dual mandate of protected areas?
Preserving and restoring ecological integrity
What is Nature Deficit Disorder?
is a term used to describe what happens when people disconnect from their natural surroundings.
What are the causes of Nature-Deficit Disorder? (3)
- Parental fears
- Restricted access to natural areas
- Increasing consumption of electronic media
What are the COSTS of Nature Deficit Disorder?(4)
- Attention and mood disorders
- Lower grades
- Obesity
- Limited respect for the environment
What can we do to mitigate Nature Deficit Disorder? (3)
- GO WILD!!
- Ignite children’s interests in the outdoors
- Encourage nature exploration
Define interpretation
Interpretation seeks to reveal meanings BASED on information to INCREASE visitors’ knowledge AND deepen their understanding.
Interpretation is equal to information delivery (TRUE/FALSE)
FALSE, Interpretation is equal to provocation
An effective interpretation should fill visitors with a greater sense of ___________ and __________.
Wonder and curiosity
What does provocation foster? (3)
- APPRECIATION for the protected areas being interpreted
- RESPECT for the protected areas being interpreted
- A SENSE OF RESPONSIBILITY for the protected areas being interpreted
What emphasizes first-hand experience with nature, provides an informal form of education, and deals with a voluntary (non-captive) audience? Define it.
Interpretive services (IS) are designed to expand knowledge, shift attitude, and alter behavior of visitors.
Managers use interpretation to: (4)
- Reduce negative visitor impacts
- Minimise destructive behavior
- Decrease enforcement problems
- Guide visitors toward designated and selected locations
What is attitude?
attitude is AN EVALUATION which is usually based in memory of an object or entity
How does knowing and understanding attitudes help us? 2
- knowing it can help us predict and influence human behavior
- understanding it can help us understand relationships with aspects we cannot easily assign value to.
Intention comprises of three types of beliefs: name and describe
- Behavior beliefs; attitude/ evaluation regarding the consequences of their behavior (eg. peer pressure)
- Normative beliefs; Perceived social support for the behavior and their motivation to comply
- Control beliefs; perceived ability and difficulty of undertaking the behavior
What are the 3 variables that must be changed to change behavior?
- Evaluation of consequences of the action
- Perceived social support for the action
- perceived ability to undertake the action
Leave no trace seven principles
Plan ahead and prepare travel and camp on durable surfaces Dispose of waste properly Leave what you find Minimize campfire impacts Respect wildlife be considerate to other visitors
Theoretical foundatiions of interpretation is based on 2 things
Theories of reasoned action and planned behavior
persuasion research
The Elaboration Likelihood Model has 2 routes of processing information
Central route; hear an interpretive message and evaluate its merits
peripheral route; evaluation based on credibility of the source or packaging of the messages
Interpretation is a ______ and an ______
Science and art
can we significantly affect or change behavior or attitude after engaging in a short one time interpretive activity?
Highly unlikely.. need more engaging activities
can we significantly affect or change behavior or attitude after engaging in a short one time interpretive activity?
Highly unlikely.. need more engaging activities
What are the 4 categories of research assessing effectiveness and how do they rank interpretation?
Knowledge gain; significant increase in short term memory
behavioral change; Unimpressive
Redistributing visitors; Interpretation is good at this!
Changes in resource conditions; interpretation is good at this too.(eg. littering)
Challenges of the future (3)
- Nature deficit disorder
- outdoor experiences during youth
- Importance of public support for park establishment-
