History of Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

They suggested that diseases were caused by “invisible living creatures”.

A

Lucretius and Girolamo Fracastoro

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2
Q

“Father of Protozoology and Bacteriology”

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

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3
Q

Life arose from non-living matter

A

Spontaneous Generation

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4
Q

He mentioned that simple invertebrates could arise from spontaneous generation

A

Aristotle

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5
Q

He demonstrated that maggots do not arise spontaneously from decaying meat.

A

Francesco Redi

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6
Q

He proposed that organic matter possessed a “vital force” that could give rise to life.

A

John Needham

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7
Q

He observed that no growth took place as long as the flasks remained sealed

A

Lazzaro Spallanzani

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8
Q

Living cells can arise only from preexisting cells

A

Biogenesis

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9
Q

He challenged spontaneous generation with the concept of “Biogenesis”

A

Rudolf Virchow

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10
Q

Rudolf Virchow is considered as the Father of?

A

Modern Pathology

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11
Q

Stated that yeast cells were responsible for the conversion of sugars to alcohol

A

Theodore Schwann

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12
Q

He resolves the issue of spontaneous generation.

A

Louis Pasteur

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13
Q

A technique to prevent contamination by unwanted microorganisms

A

Aseptic technique

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14
Q

He demonstrated that no matter how long flasks were boiled, they always produced certain growth (heat resistant bacterial spores)

A

Ferdinand Cohn

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15
Q

He showed that dust carry germs which contaminates sterile broth

A

John Tyndall

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16
Q

Form of sterilization for three consecutive days

A

Tyndallization

17
Q

Certain microorganisms known as “yeast” converts sugar to alcohol in the absence of air

A

Fermentation

18
Q

Heating the beer and wine just enough to kill most of the bacteria

A

Pasteurization

19
Q

Pasteur’s Contribution to Science:

A
  1. He disproved the theory of spontaneous generation
  2. He developed vaccines against anthrax and rabies
  3. He improved wine industry (theory of fermentation)
20
Q

He demonstrated that routine hand washing can prevent the spread of disease. Also considered as the “Savior of mothers”

A

Ignatz Semmelweis

21
Q

Father of Modern Surgery. He developed the antiseptic system of surgery

A

Joseph Lister

22
Q

It is based on the concept that microorganism might cause disease

A

The Germ Theory of Disease

23
Q

Established the first proof that bacteria indeed cause disease. Discovered that causative agent of anthrax and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

A

Robert Koch

24
Q

The causative agent of anthrax

A

Bacillus anthracis

25
She suggested the use of agar as solidifying agent
Fannie Hesse
26
He developed the Petri dish (plate)
Julius Richard Petri
27
They developed the enrichment-culture technique; introduced the use of selective media.
Martinis Beijerinck and Sergie Winogradsky
28
Experimented on how people can be protected against small pox
Edward Jenner
29
Used the therm "vaccine" for cultures of avirulent microorganism for preventive inoculation
Louis Pasteur
30
Discovered the penicillin (Penicillium notatum) antibiotic also the enzyme lysozyme
Alexander Fleming
31
They made the purification process for penicillin
Howard Florey and Ernst Chain
32
He was the first to propose the correct biochemical structure of penicillin
Edward Abraham
33
He discovered salvarsan (arsphenamine) for treatment of syphillis
Paul Ehrlich
34
Treatment of disease by using chemical substances.
Chemotherapy
35
Prepared from chemical in the laboratory
Synthetic drugs
36
Produced naturally by bacteria and fungi to act against microorganisms
Antibiotics
37
Study of organisms that individually are too small to be seen by the naked eye.
Microbiology