History of Microbiology Flashcards
They suggested that disease were caused by “invisible creatures”
Lucretius (98-55 B.C) and Girolamo Fracastoro (1478-1553)
He is considered as the “first true microbiologist”
Antonievan Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723)
He is the first person to observe and accurately describe living microorganisms
Antonievan Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723)
Father of Bacteriology and Protozoology
Antonievan Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723)
it states that life arises from non-living matters
Spontaneous Generation Theory
The theory suggests that organisms do not descend from other organism or from a parent and only require that certain condition in their environment be fulfilled in order for creation to occur
Spontaneous Generation Theory
Observed that infusions of organic material in bottles closed in cork stoppers developed “animalcules”
John Needham (1713-1781)
he demonstrated that maggots could not arise spontaneously from decaying meat (1668)
Francesco Redi (1626-1697)
He improved Needham’s previous experiments by heating the broth placed in the sealed jar
Lazzaro Spallanzani (1729-1799)
He suggested that microorganisms from the air probably had entered Needham’s solutions after they were boiled
Lazzaro Spallanzani (1729-1799)
Living cells can arise only from pre-existing living cells
Biogenesis
He challenged spontaneous generation with the
concept of Biogenesis
Rudolf Virchow
He resolved the issue on Spontaneous Generation with a series of ingenious and persuasive experiment
Louis Pasteur (1822-1895)
He demonstrated that microorganisms are present in the air and can contaminate sterile solutions, but air itself does not create microbe
Louis Pasteur (1822-1895)
He proposed the use of heat in killing microorganisms (aseptic technique) or a method used in preventing contamination by unwanted organisms.
Louis Pasteur (1822-1895)
He developed the vaccine against anthrax (1881) and rabies (1885)
Louis Pasteur (1822-1895)
He improved the wine-making process (fermentation and pasteurization)
Louis Pasteur (1822-1895)
He demonstrated that routine handwashing can prevent the spread of diseases
Ignaz Semmelweis (1816-1865)
He introduced the system of antiseptic surgery in Britain
Joseph Lister (1827-1912)
It is a based on the concept that microorganisms can cause diseases.
Germ Theory of Disease
He was the first to show irrefutable proof that bacteria cause diseases.
Robert Koch (1843-1910)
He discovered: Bacillus anthracis (1876), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (1882)
Robert Koch (1843-1910)
He was the first to cultivate bacteria on boiled potatoes, gelatin, meat extract and protein
Robert Koch (1843-1910)
He developed a culture media for observing bacterial growth isolated from the human body
Robert Koch (1843-1910)
He introduced the concept of vaccination
Edward Jenner (1749-1823)
used the term “vaccine” for an attenuated culture
Louis Pasteur
They made a series of experiments to produce an attenuated strains
of bacteria
Louis Pasteur (1882-1895) and Pierre Paul Emile Roux (1853- 1933)
He discovered the streptomycin and neomycin antibiotics
Selman Waksman (1888-1973)
He accidentally discovered the antibiotic penicillin (Penicillium
notatum)
Alexander Fleming (1881-1955)
He discovered salvarsan (arsphenamine) for the treatment of syphilis
Paul Ehrlich (1854-1915)
