History of medicine (Healthcare p1) Flashcards
Name 3 examples of herbs and plants that were used as medicines.
- Digitalis from foxglove plants
- Quinine bark of cinchona tree
- Morphine from opium (poppy)
What was the “Eye of Horus”?
It was an amulet to guard against disease, suffering and evil.
What was Embalming?
It was an advanced knowledge of anatomy, strong antiseptics used to prevent decay.
What kind of diseases were revealed through the research on mummies? (4)
- Arthritis
- Kidney stones
- Arteriosclerosis
- Cancer
Name 2 facts about Jewish Medicine.
- Avoided medical practice
- Concentrated on health rules concerning food, cleanliness, and quarantine
Name 2 facts about Greek Medicine.
- First to study causes of diseases
- research helped eliminated superstitions
What is Hippocrates?
- No dissection, only operations
- Disease was not caused by the supernatural
How did Roman Medicine originate?
Learned from the Greeks and developed a sanitation system.
Name 3 facts about Roman Medicine.
- Beginning of public health
- Lifespan 25-35 years
- First to organize medical care
Name 5 things that happened between the Dark Ages and the Middle Ages (medical-wise)
- Custodial care
- Terrible epidemics (Smallpox, Measles, Typhoid fever etc)
- Cities became common
- Crusaders spread disease
- Realization that diseases were contagious
Name 4 things that happened during the Renaissance of Medicine (medical-wise)
- Universities and medical schools for research
- Dissection
- Book publishing
- Principle of Verification
Who was Leonardo Da Vinci (medical-wise)?
- (16-17)
He studied anatomy of the body and did dissections - as well as did sketches and drawings of his discoveries.
Who was Anton van Leeuwenhoek?
- (16-17)
He invented single-lens microscopes and observed microorganisms.
Who was William Harvey?
- (16-17)
The first person to correctly describe blood’s circulation of the body.
Who was Gabriele Falliopian?
- (16-17)
He discovered fallopian tube.
Who was Bartholomew Estachus?
- (16-17)
He discovered the eustachian tube.
Who was Edward Jenner? (1976)?
He developed the first vaccine.
Who was Joseph Presley?
(18)
He discovered O2.
Who was Benjamin Franklin?
(18)
He invented bifocals and discovered that colds could be passed from person to person.
(Bifocals are glasses with one lense being near and the other being far)
Who was Rene Laennec?
(18)
He invented the stethoscope.
Name 3 significant people from 19th century - 20th century and what they did.
- Wilhelm Roentgen - Discovered x-rays
- Joseph Lister - First doctor to use antiseptic during surgery
- Louis Pasteur - Discovered that microorganisms create disease
Who is known as the “Father of Microbiology”?
Robert Koch
Name 3 things that happened between 1900-1945 (medical-wise)
- Typhoid fever diphtheria vaccination
- Hospitals were places to die
- Most doctors were general practitioners
Name 5 things that happened between 1945-1975 (medical-wise)
- Immunizations common
- Antibiotic cures
- Safer surgery
- Transplants
- Increased lifespan
