History of Life on Earth

Question 1

Evolution means

Answer 1

Change

Question 2

First life forms were microscopic single-celled organisms through?

Answer 2

Chemical evolution

Question 3

is the change in the characteristics of a population of organisms that occur over the course of generations

Answer 3

Biological evolution

Question 4

is the biological variation that occurs within species

Answer 4

Genetic Diversity

Question 5

Darwin’s Theory of Evolution focuses on the elimination of inferior specifies gradually over time though a process called

Answer 5

Natural Selection

Question 6

• was developed after scientists observed change in the fossils going from oldest to youngest sedimentary rocks
• is divided into eons, eras, periods, and epochs.
• used to organize the vast expanse of time since Earth formed
• the Earth history is divided into a series of time intervals

Answer 6

The Geologic Time Scale

Question 7

includes large-scale patterns of change taking place over very long periods of time

Answer 7

Macroevolution

Question 8

What are the 2 Kinds of Evolution?

Answer 8

1. Geological
2. Organic

Question 9

Geological is change in

Answer 9

Earth

Question 10

Organic is change in

Answer 10

Species

Question 11

• provide solid evidence that organism from the past are not the same as those found today, and fossils show a progression of evolution
• any trace or remains of an organism that has been preserved by a natural process
• most ____ are in sedimentary rock which forms layers

Answer 11

Fossils

Question 12

Relative Dating Method sought to?

Answer 12

Correlate the strata worldwide

Question 13

• appeared around the same time all around the world
• can be used to match ages of rock layers in different parts of the world

Answer 13

Index Fossils are fossils

Question 14

will tell the actual age of the fossil

Answer 14

Absolute Dating of Fossils

Question 15

is the most accurate dating method

Answer 15

Radioactive dating

Question 16

is the matching layers in the same region are in the same age

Answer 16

Correlation

Question 17

First step in creating the geologic time scale

Answer 17

Ordering rock layers from oldest to youngest

Question 18

• is considered the strongest evidence of evolution
• allows us to trace the history of life

Answer 18

Fossil record

Question 19

What are the oldest fossil?

Answer 19

Prokaryotic and Cyanobacteria (3.5 billion years ago)

Question 20

What are the first organism to add oxygen to the atmosphere?

Answer 20

Prokaryotic and Cyanobacteria

Question 21

Rich animal fossil record starts at what period and era?

Answer 21

Cambrian period of the Paleozoic era

Question 22

Plants also invaded land during what period?

Answer 22

Ordovician period

Question 23

Ordovician period is sometimes called as?

Answer 23

Age of Amphibians

Question 24

• was the Age of Cycads and Reptiles
• first mammals (aquatic animals) then birds evolved from reptilian ancestors (land animals)
• dinosaurs of enormous size are present

Answer 24

The Mesozoic era

Question 25

The dinosaurs were extinct in what period?

Answer 25

Cretaceous period

Question 26

The Cenozoic era is divided into the what period?

Answer 26

Tertiary period and the Quaternary period

Question 27

is associated with the **adaptive radiation of mammals and flowering plants** that formed vast tropical forests

Answer 27

Tertiary

Question 28

is associated with the **evolution of primates**, first monkeys appeared, then apes, and then humans

Answer 28

Quaternary

Question 29

is a **tool for understanding the history of Earth** and its life

Answer 29

Geological Time Scale

Question 30

The Time Scale is divided into its 4 component parts, what are these? | E E P E

Answer 30

Eons, Eras, Periods, and Epochs

Question 31

is the first scientist to understand geologic time

Answer 31

James Hutton