HISTORY OF IMMUNOLOGY Flashcards
Host’s reactions when foreign substances are introduced in the body.
IMMUNOLOGY
Foreign substance that induces such an immune response.
ANTIGEN
Condition of being resistant to infection.
IMMUNITY
Who and what year recorded that individual who previously contracted the disease recovered and recognized their “immune” status?
THUCYDIDES 430 BC
Who and what year developed inhaling smallpox scabs in order to produce protection…?
CHINESE 1500S
who made the theory and what was the theory that if a healthy individual was exposed as a child or young adult, the effects of the disease would be minimized? they also inject small pox blister
VARIOLATION
Published his monumental work on vaccination
EDWARD JENNER
he discovered a remarkable relationship between exposure to cowpox and immunity to smallpox
EDWARD JENNER
father of immunology
LOUIS PASTEUR
the first attenuated vaccine discovered
CHICKEN CHOLERA
who applied the same principle to the prevention of rabies
LOUIS PASTEUR
who discovered phagocytosis?
ELIE METCHNIKOFF (late 1800s)
who proposed humoral theory of immunity? (2 people)
Von Behring, Kitasata
Non cellular elements in the blood were responsible for protection from microorganisms
HUMORAL IMMUNITY
what are the non-cellular elements?
ANTIBODIES and CYTOKINES
who demonstrated the cutaneous (delayed type) hypersensitivity?
KOCH
discovered the Complement resulted from his studies on experimental cholera infections in guinea pig “ALEXIN”
PFEIFFER
confirms the experiment of pfeiffer and describe immune hemolysis following the mixture of RBCs with specific antibody and alexin
BORDET
- he proposed complement
- antibody formation theory
- he was the first to use quantitative measurements of immune reactions
EHRLICH
formulated the complement fixation test (2 persons)
BORDET AND GENGOU
Provided evidence that the immune reaction could be damaging as well as beneficial by showing anaphylaxis to be an immunologic reaction.
RICHET & PORTIER
ARTHUS REACTION OF INTERMEDIATE HYPERSENSITIVITY
ARTHUS
showed that diseases of the skin, heart, jints, blood vessels and kidneys, as well as fever could be caused by body’s immunologic reaction to foreign proteins.
von pirquet
who linked the two theories by sowing that the immune response involved both cellular and humoral elements?
ALMOTH WRIGHT
demonstrated that acquired immunity resulted from both humoral and cellular elements described opsonization.
WHITE AND DOUGLAS
what is the Greek word from antigen and its meaning?
gennan: to produce
used to describe the agent that conferred immunity on the host by the production of specific antibody.
ANTIGEN
who reported the immunologic basis of certain kinds of allergy
PRAUSNITZ AND KUSTNER
Who discovered penicillin?
ALEXANDER FLEMMING
Who had precised chemical methods for measurement of antigen and antibodies through precipitin analysis
HEIDELBERGER
Who developed prontosil?
GERHARD DOMAGK
who hypothesis of antigen-antibody binding
MARRACK
showed interest in transplantation….
MEDAWAR
WHO DEVELOPED THE POLIO VACCINE
SALK, SALBIN
WHO DEVELOPED THE VACCINE AGAINST THE YELLOW FEVER
REED
IMMUNOELECTROPHORESIS
GRABAR & WILLIAMS
- CLONAL SELECTION THEORY
- INTERFERON
BURNET
- STUDIED IMMUNODEFICIENCY AND STRUCTURE FUNCTION RELATIONSHIP IN THE LYMPHOID
- AS A RESULT OF THE DISCOVERY OF HYPOGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA
BURTON
HLA
HUMAN LEUKOCYTE ANTIGENS
WHAT YEAR DISCOVERED THAT T CELL AND B CELL COOPERATION IN IMMUNE RESPONSE
1964-1968
Th1 and Th2 model of T helper cells. explain the two
Th1 - T cells; killer cells
Th2 - B cells; helper cells
who discovered that MHC was important in the regulation of the immune response during antigen presntation?
SCHWARTZ
MHC 1
CD8
MHC 2
CD4
who developed the human papillomavirus?
FRAZER
who dveloped the small pox virus?
JENNER
phagocytosis
HAECKEL
PASTEUR
live, attenuated chicken cholera and anthrax
cellulartheory of immunity through phagocytosis
METcHNIKOFF
who developed therapeutic vaccination?
pasteur
vaccine against yellow fever
REED
