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immunology & serology > HISTORY OF IMMUNOLOGY > Flashcards

HISTORY OF IMMUNOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

Host’s reactions when foreign substances are introduced in the body.

A

IMMUNOLOGY

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2
Q

Foreign substance that induces such an immune response.

A

ANTIGEN

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3
Q

Condition of being resistant to infection.

A

IMMUNITY

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4
Q

Who and what year recorded that individual who previously contracted the disease recovered and recognized their “immune” status?

A

THUCYDIDES 430 BC

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5
Q

Who and what year developed inhaling smallpox scabs in order to produce protection…?

A

CHINESE 1500S

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6
Q

who made the theory and what was the theory that if a healthy individual was exposed as a child or young adult, the effects of the disease would be minimized? they also inject small pox blister

A

VARIOLATION

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7
Q

Published his monumental work on vaccination

A

EDWARD JENNER

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8
Q

he discovered a remarkable relationship between exposure to cowpox and immunity to smallpox

A

EDWARD JENNER

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9
Q

father of immunology

A

LOUIS PASTEUR

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10
Q

the first attenuated vaccine discovered

A

CHICKEN CHOLERA

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11
Q

who applied the same principle to the prevention of rabies

A

LOUIS PASTEUR

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12
Q

who discovered phagocytosis?

A

ELIE METCHNIKOFF (late 1800s)

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13
Q

who proposed humoral theory of immunity? (2 people)

A

Von Behring, Kitasata

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14
Q

Non cellular elements in the blood were responsible for protection from microorganisms

A

HUMORAL IMMUNITY

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15
Q

what are the non-cellular elements?

A

ANTIBODIES and CYTOKINES

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16
Q

who demonstrated the cutaneous (delayed type) hypersensitivity?

A

KOCH

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17
Q

discovered the Complement resulted from his studies on experimental cholera infections in guinea pig “ALEXIN”

A

PFEIFFER

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18
Q

confirms the experiment of pfeiffer and describe immune hemolysis following the mixture of RBCs with specific antibody and alexin

A

BORDET

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19
Q
  • he proposed complement
  • antibody formation theory
  • he was the first to use quantitative measurements of immune reactions
A

EHRLICH

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20
Q

formulated the complement fixation test (2 persons)

A

BORDET AND GENGOU

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21
Q

Provided evidence that the immune reaction could be damaging as well as beneficial by showing anaphylaxis to be an immunologic reaction.

A

RICHET & PORTIER

22
Q

ARTHUS REACTION OF INTERMEDIATE HYPERSENSITIVITY

A

ARTHUS

23
Q

showed that diseases of the skin, heart, jints, blood vessels and kidneys, as well as fever could be caused by body’s immunologic reaction to foreign proteins.

A

von pirquet

24
Q

who linked the two theories by sowing that the immune response involved both cellular and humoral elements?

A

ALMOTH WRIGHT

25
Q

demonstrated that acquired immunity resulted from both humoral and cellular elements described opsonization.

A

WHITE AND DOUGLAS

26
Q

what is the Greek word from antigen and its meaning?

A

gennan: to produce

27
Q

used to describe the agent that conferred immunity on the host by the production of specific antibody.

A

ANTIGEN

28
Q

who reported the immunologic basis of certain kinds of allergy

A

PRAUSNITZ AND KUSTNER

29
Q

Who discovered penicillin?

A

ALEXANDER FLEMMING

30
Q

Who had precised chemical methods for measurement of antigen and antibodies through precipitin analysis

A

HEIDELBERGER

31
Q

Who developed prontosil?

A

GERHARD DOMAGK

32
Q

who hypothesis of antigen-antibody binding

A

MARRACK

33
Q

showed interest in transplantation….

A

MEDAWAR

34
Q

WHO DEVELOPED THE POLIO VACCINE

A

SALK, SALBIN

35
Q

WHO DEVELOPED THE VACCINE AGAINST THE YELLOW FEVER

A

REED

36
Q

IMMUNOELECTROPHORESIS

A

GRABAR & WILLIAMS

37
Q
  • CLONAL SELECTION THEORY

- INTERFERON

A

BURNET

38
Q
  • STUDIED IMMUNODEFICIENCY AND STRUCTURE FUNCTION RELATIONSHIP IN THE LYMPHOID
  • AS A RESULT OF THE DISCOVERY OF HYPOGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA
A

BURTON

39
Q

HLA

A

HUMAN LEUKOCYTE ANTIGENS

40
Q

WHAT YEAR DISCOVERED THAT T CELL AND B CELL COOPERATION IN IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

1964-1968

41
Q

Th1 and Th2 model of T helper cells. explain the two

A

Th1 - T cells; killer cells

Th2 - B cells; helper cells

42
Q

who discovered that MHC was important in the regulation of the immune response during antigen presntation?

A

SCHWARTZ

43
Q

MHC 1

A

CD8

44
Q

MHC 2

A

CD4

45
Q

who developed the human papillomavirus?

A

FRAZER

46
Q

who dveloped the small pox virus?

A

JENNER

47
Q

phagocytosis

A

HAECKEL

48
Q

PASTEUR

A

live, attenuated chicken cholera and anthrax

49
Q

cellulartheory of immunity through phagocytosis

A

METcHNIKOFF

50
Q

who developed therapeutic vaccination?

A

pasteur

51
Q

vaccine against yellow fever

A

REED

immunology & serology (3 decks)

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